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Religious conservatism, Islamic criminal law and the judiciary in Indonesia: a tale of three courts
The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law Pub Date : 2018-09-02 , DOI: 10.1080/07329113.2018.1532025
Simon Butt 1
Affiliation  

Abstract This article discusses three Indonesian court cases decided in 2017 in which the interests of conservative Muslims were supported. In the first, the Constitutional Court was asked to expand the definition of various moral offences in the Criminal Code in line with Islamic conceptions of adultery and same-sex intercourse. The Court was split five judges to four, with the majority accepting the need for definitional expansion but rejecting the case on jurisdictional grounds, and the minority accepting the petitioners’ arguments and endorsing an increased role for religion in constitutional adjudication. In the second, the North Jakarta District Court convicted former Jakarta Governor, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, for blaspheming Islam and sentenced him to two years’ imprisonment after a trial that appeared politically motivated. In the third, the Supreme Court was asked to consider the legal validity of the Qanun Jinayat – the Aceh Criminal Code – which adopts aspects of Islamic criminal law and procedure. Even though Code provisions appear to clearly violate human rights norms as reflected in international and Indonesian laws, the Supreme Court refused to hear the case, citing an unconvincing technicality. These three decisions do not bode well for the future of Indonesian pluralism. This article uncovers the main legal flaws in each decision and considers why these three different courts seem to have pursued similar goals in these cases.

中文翻译:

印度尼西亚的宗教保守主义、伊斯兰刑法和司法机构:三个法庭的故事

摘要 本文讨论了 2017 年判决的三个印度尼西亚法院案件,其中支持保守派穆斯林的利益。首先,宪法法院被要求根据伊斯兰教的通奸和同性交概念,扩大《刑法》中各种道德犯罪的定义。法院将五名法官一分为四,多数法官接受扩大定义的必要性,但以管辖权为由驳回此案,少数法官接受请愿人的论点并支持增加宗教在宪法裁决中的作用。第二次,雅加达北部地区法院以亵渎伊斯兰教罪判处雅加达前省长 Basuki Tjahaja Purnama 有罪,并在一次看似出于政治动机的审判后判处他两年监禁。在第三个,最高法院被要求考虑 Qanun Jinayat(亚齐刑法典)的法律效力,该法典采用了伊斯兰刑法和程序的各个方面。尽管《守则》条款似乎明显违反了国际法和印度尼西亚法律中反映的人权规范,但最高法院拒绝审理此案,理由是技术性不够令人信服。这三个决定对印度尼西亚多元化的未来来说并不是好兆头。本文揭示了每项裁决中的主要法律缺陷,并考虑了为什么这三个不同的法院在这些案件中似乎追求相似的目标。尽管《守则》条款似乎明显违反了国际法和印度尼西亚法律中反映的人权规范,但最高法院拒绝审理此案,理由是技术性不够令人信服。这三个决定对印度尼西亚多元化的未来来说并不是好兆头。本文揭示了每项裁决中的主要法律缺陷,并考虑了为什么这三个不同的法院在这些案件中似乎追求相似的目标。尽管《守则》条款似乎明显违反了国际法和印度尼西亚法律中反映的人权规范,但最高法院拒绝审理此案,理由是技术性不够令人信服。这三个决定对印度尼西亚多元化的未来来说并不是好兆头。本文揭示了每项裁决中的主要法律缺陷,并考虑了为什么这三个不同的法院在这些案件中似乎追求相似的目标。
更新日期:2018-09-02
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