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The Role of Georg Friedrich von Johnssen in the Emergence of the Unknown Superiors, 1763–64
Publications of the English Goethe Society Pub Date : 2018-01-02 , DOI: 10.1080/09593683.2018.1433484
Andrew McKenzie-McHarg 1
Affiliation  

Abstract This article seeks to clarify the role played by the alchemist Georg Friedrich Johnssen (c.1726-1775) in the emergence of the notion that Freemasonry and other secret societies in the second half of the eighteenth-century were ruled by figures whose identity was a secret and who came to be described as unknown superiors. Although Johnssen’s interest in alchemy might seem to be a source of this notion of secret authority, a more probing inquiry reveals that the unknown superiors arose as a result of a historical (and not an esoteric) conception of the secret of Freemasonry.

中文翻译:

乔治·弗里德里希·冯·约翰森(Georg Friedrich von Johnssen)在1763–64年间出现的未知上司的角色

摘要本文旨在阐明炼金术士格奥尔格·弗里德里希·约翰森(Georg Friedrich Johnssen,c.1726-1775)在18世纪下半叶的共济会和其他秘密社会受到身份认同的人物统治的观念的出现中的作用一个秘密,后来被描述为未知的上级。尽管约翰森对炼金术的兴趣似乎是这种秘密权威概念的源头,但更深入的调查显示,未知的上级是由于对共济会秘密的历史(而非深奥的)观念而产生的。
更新日期:2018-01-02
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