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Biopolitical Peacebuilding—Peace through Health
Peace Review Pub Date : 2019-04-03 , DOI: 10.1080/10402659.2019.1667561
Seán Brennan

The peace theorist Johann Galtung once observed that “peace, like health, covers conceptually a vast territory: and war, like disease, comes in many varieties.” Indeed, Galtung’s observations supported Kenneth E. Boulding’s belief that more health services were needed for people attempting to promote a positive peace. Boulding argued that when people try to improve the need for more health services, governmental systems often invoke a “temptation... to deny consumers sovereignty” on health care, “and to say that the poor must have what the professionals think is good for them whether they want it or not.” Not surprisingly, and despite the global growth in peace research after the Cold War, such market-led decisions tend to result in a negative peace, where the direct violence may have ended but the underlying causes remain. And those most affected by the violence get only the peacebuilding and health services that professionals want rather than what they need. Consequently, and as David Chandler describes, the United Nations (UN) concept of “post-conflict peacebuilding” is increasingly viewed as being inefficacious and in “crisis,” particularly by those victims and survivors it was designed to help. This raises a key question: what peace and health solutions are needed to radically transform the quality of life outcomes of those who suffer the most from violent conflict and civil wars?

中文翻译:

生命政治和平建设——通过健康实现和平

和平理论家约翰·加尔通 (Johann Galtung) 曾观察到“和平与健康一样,在概念上涵盖了广阔的领域;而战争与疾病一样,有多种形式。” 事实上,Galtung 的观察支持了 Kenneth E. Boulding 的信念,即试图促进积极和平的人们需要更多的卫生服务。博尔丁认为,当人们试图改善对更多医疗服务的需求时,政府系统往往会引发“诱惑......否认消费者对医疗保健的主权”,“并说穷人必须拥有专业人士认为有益的东西不管他们是否愿意。” 毫不奇怪,尽管冷战后全球和平研究有所增长,但这种市场主导的决定往往会导致消极的和平,直接暴力可能已经结束,但根本原因仍然存在。而那些受暴力影响最严重的人只能得到专业人员想要的建设和平和卫生服务,而不是他们所需要的。因此,正如大卫·钱德勒所描述的那样,联合国 (UN) 的“冲突后建设和平”概念越来越被视为无效且处于“危机”状态,特别是被其旨在帮助的那些受害者和幸存者。这就提出了一个关键问题:需要什么样的和平与健康解决方案来从根本上改变那些遭受暴力冲突和内战影响最大的人的生活质量?联合国 (UN) 的“冲突后建设和平”概念越来越被视为无效且处于“危机”状态,特别是被其旨在帮助的那些受害者和幸存者。这就提出了一个关键问题:需要什么样的和平与健康解决方案来从根本上改变那些遭受暴力冲突和内战影响最大的人的生活质量?联合国 (UN) 的“冲突后建设和平”概念越来越被视为无效且处于“危机”状态,特别是被其旨在帮助的那些受害者和幸存者。这就提出了一个关键问题:需要什么样的和平与健康解决方案来从根本上改变那些遭受暴力冲突和内战影响最大的人的生活质量?
更新日期:2019-04-03
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