ABSTRACT Early School Leaving (ESL) is a complex phenomenon caused by multidimensional factors spanning personal, social and economic problems. We carried out two online surveys with 796 teachers and 900 students from Bulgaria, Italy, Malta, Romania and Turkey completed standard electronic surveys. The teachers’ survey consisted of secondary school teachers from Bulgaria (N = 147), Italy (N = 105), Malta (N = 71), Romania (n = 261), and Turkey (N = 212). For the second survey, 250 secondary school students from Bulgaria, 109 from Italy, 67 from Malta and 401 students from Turkey took part in the study. From the teachers’ findings, cultural factors, school related factors, family issues, economic reasons, peer pressures and individual life accounts were all indicated as the causes of early school leaving in all 5 partner countries We crossed-examined the data from the teachers with those of their students. From the student survey, coming from families with difficult life experiences, having family responsibilities, having difficult relationships with other students and having little interest in the learning process were linked with early school leaving. The paper brings attention to the need to revisit educational and social policies in response to the significant number of children in Europe leaving school early with low level educational attainment.

中文翻译：

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保加利亚、意大利、马耳他、罗马尼亚和土耳其的全纳教育和早期离校比较研究

摘要 早期离校 (ESL) 是一种复杂的现象，由跨越个人、社会和经济问题的多维因素引起。我们进行了两次在线调查，来自保加利亚、意大利、马耳他、罗马尼亚和土耳其的 796 名教师和 900 名学生完成了标准的电子调查。教师调查包括来自保加利亚（N = 147）、意大利（N = 105）、马耳他（N = 71）、罗马尼亚（N = 261）和土耳其（N = 212）的中学教师。在第二次调查中，来自保加利亚的 250 名中学生、来自意大利的 109 名中学生、来自马耳他的 67 名中学生和来自土耳其的 401 名学生参与了这项研究。从老师的发现，文化因素，学校相关因素，家庭问题，经济原因，在所有 5 个伙伴国家，同伴压力和个人生活帐户都被指出是早退的原因。我们对教师和学生的数据进行了交叉检查。从学生调查来看，来自生活经历困难的家庭、有家庭责任、与其他学生的关系困难以及对学习过程没有兴趣与提前离校有关。这篇论文提出了重新审视教育和社会政策的必要性，以应对欧洲大量儿童因受教育程度低而过早辍学的问题。与其他学生的关系不好以及对学习过程没有兴趣与提前离校有关。这篇论文提出了重新审视教育和社会政策的必要性，以应对欧洲大量儿童因受教育程度低而过早辍学的问题。与其他学生的关系不好以及对学习过程没有兴趣与提前离校有关。这篇论文提出了重新审视教育和社会政策的必要性，以应对欧洲大量儿童因受教育程度低而过早辍学的问题。