ABSTRACT Afghanistan is one of the most dangerous countries for women and has the sixth lowest women’s employment rate globally. Evidence shows that security concerns prevent women from working, but there is little work estimating the magnitude of or mechanism behind these effects. We address this gap in the literature by estimating the relationship between increased terrorist attacks and women’s employment using the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) and the 2015 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). We find the number of attacks is negatively associated with men’s and women’s employment, yet the relative magnitude is larger for women due to their low employment rate. Conversely, we find that an increase in fatalities is associated with higher women’s employment, suggesting that women replace men that have died from attacks. This research illuminates a potential link between women’s employment and terrorism, thus adding to the ever-increasing knowledge of the costs of conflict.

中文翻译：

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阿富汗的恐怖主义与妇女就业

摘要阿富汗是妇女最危险的国家之一，在全球妇女就业率中排名第六。有证据表明，出于安全考虑，妇女无法工作，但是很少有工作可以估计这些影响的严重程度或机制。我们通过使用全球恐怖主义数据库（GTD）和2015年人口与健康调查（DHS）来估计恐怖袭击事件与妇女就业之间的关系，从而解决文献中的这一空白。我们发现，袭击次数与男女就业呈负相关，但由于妇女的低就业率，其相对数量更大。相反，我们发现死亡人数的增加与女性就业率的提高有关，这表明女性取代了因袭击而死亡的男性。