In India, as in many other Asian countries, private tutoring to supplement school education and prepare students for competitive examinations is a burgeoning industry. These “tuitions” provide opportunities for self-employment, including for many women working in or near their homes. Through an ethnographic study of tutors in a Delhi neighborhood, this article presents tuitions work as a form of moral infrastructure. This infrastructure is foundational to the fulfillment of evolving social roles that comprise the realization of relational personhood in contemporary urban India. Consequently, it remains robust – indeed, continues to expand – despite encompassing conflicting projects and discourses. Through the case of tuitions, this article proposes a theoretical framework for conceptualizing infrastructures as channels for movement that articulate normative visions of and for society. These prescribed channels may simultaneously invite shortcuts, bypasses, and other unintended uses that incrementally transform those visions.

中文翻译：

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学费的工作：德里社区的道德基础设施

在印度，与许多其他亚洲国家一样，补充学校教育和为学生准备竞争性考试的私人补习是一个新兴行业。这些“学费”提供了自谋职业的机会，包括许多在家中或在家附近工作的妇女。通过对德里社区导师的民族志研究，本文将补习工作作为一种道德基础设施的形式。这种基础设施是实现不断变化的社会角色的基础，这些角色包括在当代印度城市中实现关系人格。因此，尽管包含相互冲突的项目和话语，它仍然很强大——事实上，它还在继续扩展。通过学费的情况，本文提出了一个理论框架，将基础设施概念化为表达社会规范愿景的运动渠道。这些规定的渠道可能会同时邀请捷径、绕道和其他非预期用途，从而逐步改变这些愿景。