ABSTRACT This paper presents evidence supported by scientific analyses and historical documents that medieval plasters used for wall paintings in Denmark were, with high probability, produced by mixing quicklime, aggregate and water in an exothermic process, resulting in a mortar referred to as hot-mixed. This process enables the production of plaster with a very high binder content. Previous thin-section analyses were supplemented by recent analyses of samples collected from three medieval wall paintings in Danish churches. Also included in the analyses were plaster samples produced from hot-mixed mortar and samples produced from lime putty mortar. The analyses of the medieval plasters showed an average binder content in the range of two parts lime to one part aggregate. Moreover, lime inclusions, a characteristic of hot-mix, were found in all samples. SEM analyses showed a similar microstructure in the medieval plasters and the samples produced by hot-mixed mortar, while significant differences were found between the medieval plaster and lime putty samples.

中文翻译：

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热混石灰砂浆：其在中世纪壁画灰泥中使用的历史和分析证据

摘要 本文提供了科学分析和历史文献支持的证据，即丹麦用于壁画的中世纪灰泥很可能是通过在放热过程中混合生石灰、骨料和水而制成的，从而产生了一种称为热混砂浆的砂浆。 . 该工艺能够生产具有非常高粘合剂含量的石膏。最近对从丹麦教堂的三幅中世纪壁画中收集的样本进行的分析补充了先前的薄截面分析。分析中还包括由热混砂浆制成的石膏样品和由石灰腻子砂浆制成的样品。对中世纪灰泥的分析表明，平均粘合剂含量在两份石灰比一份骨料的范围内。此外，石灰夹杂物是热混合的一个特征，在所有样品中都发现了。SEM 分析显示中世纪灰泥和热混砂浆样品的微观结构相似，而中世纪灰泥和石灰腻子样品之间存在显着差异。