Preventing dangerous climate change, and therefore reducing carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption of the building stock, is a key priority for the European Union. Initially, this was (mainly) directed towards new buildings, yet in the last years also historic buildings become more and more concerned. All of our built heritage, listed or not, is a witness of our past, our history and our constructive traditions. It adds significantly to the quality and charm of our built environment and therefore ensures the added value of European cities and countryside. It is clear that a sustainable society cannot be built without respect for its history, but it must also be anchored in the present and ensure its future use. Nevertheless, the energetic and comfort optimization of these buildings is not yet generally accepted and often is subjected to delicate discussions. Therefore, it is the duty of the present generation of experts to preserve our built heritage in a way it reflects and is adapted to the economic, societal, environmental, comfort, and energy context of today, while ensuring the absolute preservation of the heritage’s intrinsic values. This two-track policy is an absolute necessity: after all, it is common knowledge that uncomfortable and energy-consuming buildings are not likely to be used, accelerating their decay and finally condemning them to be lost completely for the future generations ... The above-mentioned formed the basis for the Belgian Building Research Institute to organize and host the Second International Conference on Energy Efficiency and Comfort of Historic Buildings (EECHB2016) in October 2016 in close collaboration with the public heritage institutes from Brussels, Flanders, and Wallonia. Whereas the papers at the conference ranged from assessment and monitoring, to regulations, management and training, as well as sustainable interventions, this special issue of the Journal of Architectural Conservation puts forward an extended version of four of these papers, illustrating different possibilities and showing the necessity of interaction between science and heritage in order to make our built heritage future proof. The first paper by G. Leijonhufvud and T. Broström shows how standardization in relation to historic buildings has taken a new direction during the last years. It emphasizes on how energy standards, focusing on decision processes, can solve some of the problems related to the conventional outcome-oriented approach of standards by opening up for a wider set of solutions. Thereafter, R. Kilian, S. Bichlmair, and M. Krus provide a technical paper, discussing new insights on how to optimize the heating system of historic houses. Being one of the most adopted alterations when improving the energy consumption and comfort of old buildings, the paper discusses four different suitable heating systems by an accurate onsite monitoring of them within the Alte Schäfflerei (Old Cooperage; 1760) of the Benediktbeuern Monastery. Whereas most actions on heritage buildings are oriented towards buildings from long ago, in recent years heritage experts are more and more confronted with the innovative and experimental buildings from the twentieth century. As these are particularly vulnerable to inappropriate retrofit, the paper of R. Atkins, R. Emmanuel, and C. Hermann presents an assessment methodology that systematically integrates conservation with energy performance, economic feasibility, and construction practices for the mid-twentieth century buildings. The

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社论

防止危险的气候变化，从而减少二氧化碳排放和建筑能源消耗，是欧盟的一个关键优先事项。最初，这（主要）是针对新建筑的，但在最近几年，历史建筑也越来越受到关注。我们所有的建筑遗产，无论是否列入名单，都是我们过去、历史和建设性传统的见证。它显着提高了我们建筑环境的质量和魅力，从而确保了欧洲城市和乡村的附加值。显然，不尊重历史就不能建立可持续社会，但它也必须立足于现在并确保其未来的使用。尽管如此，这些建筑的能量和舒适度优化尚未被普遍接受，并且经常受到微妙的讨论。因此，当代专家有责任以反映和适应当今经济、社会、环境、舒适度和能源环境的方式保护我们的建筑遗产，同时确保绝对保护遗产的内在本质。值。这种双轨政策是绝对必要的：毕竟，众所周知，不舒服和耗能的建筑物不太可能被使用，加速它们的腐烂，最终谴责它们为子孙后代彻底消失...... 上述内容为比利时建筑研究所与布鲁塞尔、佛兰德斯和瓦隆尼亚的公共遗产机构密切合作，于 2016 年 10 月组织和主办第二届历史建筑能源效率和舒适度国际会议 (EECHB2016) 奠定了基础. 鉴于会议上的论文范围从评估和监测到法规、管理和培训，以及可持续干预，建筑保护杂志的这一特刊提出了其中四篇论文的扩展版本，说明了不同的可能性并展示了科学与遗产之间相互作用的必要性，以使我们建造的遗产成为未来的证明。G. Leijonhufvud 和 T. Broström 展示了与历史建筑相关的标准化在过去几年中如何朝着新的方向发展。它强调能源标准，侧重于决策过程，可以通过开放更广泛的解决方案来解决与传统的以结果为导向的标准方法相关的一些问题。此后，R. Kilian、S. Bichlmair 和 M. Krus 提供了一篇技术论文，讨论了如何优化历史建筑供暖系统的新见解。作为提高旧建筑能耗和舒适度的最常用改造之一，本文通过在 Benediktbeuern 修道院的 Alte Schäfflerei（Old Cooperage；1760）内对四种不同的合适供暖系统进行准确的现场监测，讨论了它们。虽然大多数遗产建筑的行动都是针对很久以前的建筑，但近年来遗产专家越来越多地面对二十世纪的创新和实验建筑。由于这些特别容易受到不当改造的影响，R. Atkins、R. Emmanuel 和 C. Hermann 的论文提出了一种评估方法，该方法将节能与 20 世纪中叶建筑的能源绩效、经济可行性和施工实践系统地整合在一起。这 Hermann 提出了一种评估方法，它系统地将节能与 20 世纪中叶建筑的能源绩效、经济可行性和施工实践相结合。这 Hermann 提出了一种评估方法，它系统地将节能与 20 世纪中叶建筑的能源绩效、经济可行性和施工实践相结合。这