ABSTRACT This article explores how memories of the Boshin War (1868) and the Meiji Restoration changed over the course of the pre-World War II period, and how this was reflected in efforts to commemorate those events. It argues that for much of the Meiji period (1868–1912) the trauma experienced by those on the losing side of the Boshin War meant that acts of commemoration remained politically divisive. By the time of the 50th anniversary of the war, in 1917, regional antagonisms had begun to heal and a stronger sense of Japan as a nation united in its devotion to the Emperor led to a significant shift in how the conflicts of the Restoration period were remembered. Ten years later, at the time of the 60th anniversary of the Meiji Restoration, in 1928, the idea of the Restoration as a time of heroic action by patriots on all sides of the political struggles of the time had begun to firmly take root, supported by both government efforts and an emerging mass culture.

中文翻译：

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明治维新50、60周年：战前的记忆、纪念与政治文化

摘要 本文探讨了二战前时期对戊辰战争（1868 年）和明治维新的记忆是如何变化的，以及这如何反映在纪念这些事件的努力中。它认为，在明治时期（1868-1912 年）的大部分时间里，戊辰战争失败一方所经历的创伤意味着纪念活动在政治上仍然存在分歧。到 1917 年抗战 50 周年之际，地区矛盾开始缓和，日本作为一个团结起来效忠天皇的国家的强烈意识导致了维新时期冲突的方式发生了重大转变。记住了。十年后的 1928 年，在明治维新 60 周年之际，