ABSTRACT International Retirement Migration (IRM) began in Europe and North America in the 1960s and the concept first entered Japan in the 1980s. Since the 1990s, it has become increasingly referred to as long stays/lifestyle migration. As sojourners seeking a better life overseas, Japanese later-life migrants tend to be perceived as temporary stayers and there has been little question about their sense of belonging. This study, based on a decade of observation and follow up interviews with a small sample of Japanese retiree migrants in Western Australia, examines how migrants’ decisions to stay or leave the host country are affected by the presence of their children, juxtaposed with their sense of belonging, particularly to their homeland. We identify four types of later-life migrants based on their eventual decision to leave or to stay: ‘the returnee’, the ‘on-going migrant’, ‘the potential settler’ and ‘the new citizen’. We argue that for later-life migrants who are constantly debating whether or not to remain in the host country until the end of their lives, the process of decision making is dynamic and often negotiated through a sustained sense of belonging to their homeland.

中文翻译：

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坚持到最后？：日本晚年移民和在西澳大利亚的归属感

摘要 国际退休移民 (IRM) 始于 1960 年代的欧洲和北美，该概念于 1980 年代首次进入日本。自 1990 年代以来，它越来越多地被称为长期停留/生活方式迁移。作为寻求海外更好生活的旅居者，日本晚年的移民往往被视为临时居留者，他们的归属感几乎没有问题。这项研究基于对西澳大利亚的一小部分日本退休移民的十年观察和后续访谈，考察了移民决定留在或离开东道国的决定如何受到子女在场的影响，并与他们的感觉并列。归属感，尤其是对自己的祖国。我们根据他们最终决定离开或留下来确定四种类型的晚年移民：“回归者”、“持续移民”、​​“潜在定居者”和“新公民”。我们认为，对于不断争论是否要留在东道国直到生命尽头的晚年移民来说，决策过程是动态的，并且经常通过对祖国的持续归属感进行谈判。