Abstract This article introduces four types of employee engagement, Active Employee Engagement, Unsatisfied Employee Engagement, No Employee Engagement, and Abusive Employee Engagement. These categories are derived from the diverse literature on employee engagement and through discussions with foreign human resource management scholars. One key assessment of the non-American focused academics is that employee engagement is principally a concern of American businesses. Foreign researchers focus more deeply on creating engagement in the workforce, work groups, and professions.

中文翻译：

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关于员工敬业度的国际观点：美国公司是领导还是独自走动？

摘要本文介绍了四种类型的员工敬业度：主动员工敬业度，不满意员工敬业度，无员工敬业度和虐待员工敬业度。这些类别来自有关员工敬业度的各种文献，以及与外国人力资源管理学者的讨论。对非美国学者的一项主要评估是，员工敬业度是美国企业最关心的问题。外国研究人员更加专注于在员工队伍，工作组和职业中创造参与度。