ABSTRACT Scientific communities as social groupings and the role that such communities play in scientific change and the production of scientific knowledge is currently under debate. I examine theory change as a complex social interaction among individual scientists and the scientific community, and argue that individuals will be motivated to adopt a more radical or innovative attitude when confronted with striking similarities between model systems and a more robust understanding of specialised vocabulary. Two case studies from the biological sciences, Barbara McClintock and Stanley Prusiner, help motivate the idea that sharing of models and specialised vocabulary fill the gap between discovery and scientific change by promoting the dispersal of important information throughout the scientific community.

中文翻译：

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从发现到科学变革的旅程：科学共同体，共享模型和专业词汇

摘要作为社会团体的科学社区以及这些社区在科学变革和科学知识产生中所扮演的角色目前正在辩论中。我将理论的变化视为个体科学家和科学界之间复杂的社会互动，并认为，当面对模型系统之间惊人的相似性以及对专业词汇的更深刻理解时，个体将被激励采取更激进或创新的态度。来自生物科学的两个案例研究，Barbara McClintock和Stanley Prusiner，通过促进重要信息在整个科学界的传播，激发了这样一种观念：共享模型和专业词汇填补了发现与科学变革之间的空白。