Owing to the side effects of synthetic medicine and less effectiveness against different syndromes, the researchers have focused on phytotherapy to overcome these problems. The purpose of this project was to study the in vitro phytochemical, cytotoxic, total phenolic, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the methanol extract of the rhizome of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers and its n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous fractions. Thereafter, to conduct in vivo evaluation of the effective extract for its antidiabetic and antioxidant characteristics. Cytotoxic, total phenolic content and antidiabetic properties were ascertained by brine shrimps lethality, Folin- Ciocalteu reagent and alpha-amylase inhibition assays respectively while antioxidant activities were investigated through DPPH, ABTS and H2O2 assays. The methanolic extract was assessed in vivo for its antidiabetic and antioxidant activities by using Wistar albino rats. The phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract and its unlike fractions revealed the availability of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenes, steroids, carbohydrate and proteins while lack of saponins and gums in methanolic extract. Steroids and carbohydrates were only present in aqueous and chloroform fraction respectively while both fractions contained proteins and alkaloids. Cardiac glycosides and flavonoids were absent in aqueous and chloroform fractions respectively. The highest brine shrimps lethality (70.5 ± 1.2), total phenolic content (28.30 ± 1.3 mg GAE/g), free radicals scavenging potential i.e. DPPH (40.02%), ABTS (40.48%) and H2O2 (50.85%) and alpha amylase inhibition (61.87%) was shown by the methanolic extract. The in vivo results did not disclose any sign of acute toxicity. The diabetic control showed a noteworthy (P < 0.05) decline in weight, HDL and glutathione and a raised level of bilirubin, blood glucose, urea, creatinine, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, ALT, ALP, AST, SOD, catalase. The mentioned alterations were restored considerably (P < 0.05) by treatment of diabetic rats with methanolic extract of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers (150 and 300 mg/kg b.w.). It is concluded that the extract of rhizomes of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers is an effective fount of antioxidant and anti-diabetic compounds. Further analysis is needed to sharpen its pharmacological activities.

中文翻译：

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高粱halepense（L.）Pers根茎对糖尿病和自由基的抑制潜力

由于合成药物的副作用以及对不同综合症的疗效较差，研究人员将重点放在植物疗法上以克服这些问题。该项目的目的是研究高粱哈尔滨（Pers）根茎的甲醇提取物及其正己烷，氯仿和水部分的体外植物化学，细胞毒性，总酚，抗氧化剂和抗糖尿病活性。此后，对有效提取物的抗糖尿病和抗氧化特性进行体内评估。分别通过盐水虾的致死率，Folin-Ciocalteu试剂和α-淀粉酶抑制试验确定细胞毒性，总酚含量和抗糖尿病特性，同时通过DPPH，ABTS和H2O2分析研究抗氧化活性。使用Wistar白化病大鼠在体内评估了甲醇提取物的抗糖尿病和抗氧化活性。对甲醇提取物及其不同馏分的植物化学研究表明，在甲醇提取物中缺乏生物碱，强心苷，类黄酮，萜烯，类固醇，碳水化合物和蛋白质，而缺少皂苷和树胶。类固醇和碳水化合物仅分别存在于水性和氯仿级分中，而两种级分均包含蛋白质和生物碱。水溶液和氯仿馏分中分别不存在强心苷和类黄酮。最高的对虾杀伤力（70.5±1.2），总酚含量（28.30±1.3 mg GAE / g），清除自由基的能力，例如DPPH（40.02％），ABTS（40.48％）和H2O2（50.85％）以及对α淀粉酶的抑制作用（61。甲醇提取物显示出87％）。体内结果未显示任何急性毒性迹象。糖尿病对照组的体重，HDL和谷胱甘肽下降显着（P <0.05），胆红素，血糖，尿素，肌酐，甘油三酸酯，LDL，VLDL，ALT，ALP，AST，SOD，过氧化氢酶水平升高。通过用高粱halepense（L.）Pers的甲醇提取物（150和300 mg / kg bw）治疗糖尿病大鼠，上述改变得到了相当大的恢复（P <0.05）。结论是：高粱halepense（L.）Pers的根茎提取物是抗氧化剂和抗糖尿病化合物的有效来源。需要进一步分析以增强其药理活性。05）体重下降，HDL和谷胱甘肽降低，胆红素，血糖，尿素，肌酐，甘油三酸酯，LDL，VLDL，ALT，ALP，AST，SOD，过氧化氢酶水平升高。通过用高粱halepense（L.）Pers的甲醇提取物（150和300 mg / kg bw）治疗糖尿病大鼠，上述改变得到了相当大的恢复（P <0.05）。结论是：高粱halepense（L.）Pers的根茎提取物是抗氧化剂和抗糖尿病化合物的有效来源。需要进一步分析以增强其药理活性。05）体重下降，HDL和谷胱甘肽降低，胆红素，血糖，尿素，肌酐，甘油三酸酯，LDL，VLDL，ALT，ALP，AST，SOD，过氧化氢酶水平升高。通过用高粱halepense（L.）Pers的甲醇提取物（150和300 mg / kg bw）治疗糖尿病大鼠，上述改变得到了相当大的恢复（P <0.05）。结论是：高粱halepense（L.）Pers的根茎提取物是抗氧化剂和抗糖尿病化合物的有效来源。需要进一步分析以增强其药理活性。）Pers（150和300 mg / kg bw）。结论是：高粱halepense（L.）Pers的根茎提取物是抗氧化剂和抗糖尿病化合物的有效来源。需要进一步分析以增强其药理活性。）Pers（150和300 mg / kg bw）。结论是：高粱halepense（L.）Pers的根茎提取物是抗氧化剂和抗糖尿病化合物的有效来源。需要进一步分析以增强其药理活性。