Abstract

Women’s roles in political violence and terrorism have largely been examined through the agent/victim dichotomy. We suggest that women’s social inequality contributes to both roles of women as victims and as perpetrators of terrorist violence, with both roles ultimately contributing to increases in supplies of domestic terrorism. Particularly, women’s social inequality contributes to terrorism in three ways: it normalizes violence in society, makes women susceptible to coercion from terrorist groups, and results in grievances in the female population that may mobilize them to violence. An in-depth case study of women in Somalia and the quantitative results both suggest that women’s political, economic, and social inequality are associated with higher levels of domestic terrorism. The results show that the impact of women’s social equality through balanced social exchanges in society subsumes the impact of vertical equality measures such as political and economic equality.

摘要

妇女在政治暴力和恐怖主义中的作用主要通过代理人/受害者二分法来检验。我们认为，女性的社会不平等助长了女性作为恐怖主义暴力的受害者和肇事者的角色，这两种角色最终都会导致家庭恐怖主义供应的增加。特别是，妇女的社会不平等以三种方式助长了恐怖主义：它使社会暴力行为正常化，使妇女容易受到恐怖组织的胁迫，并导致女性人口的不满情绪可能动员她们采取暴力行动。对索马里妇女的深入案例研究和定量结果均表明，妇女的政治、经济和社会不平等与更高水平的家庭恐怖主义有关。