Abstract

While fact-checking has received much attention as a potential tool to combat fake news, whether and how fact-checking information lessens intentions to share fake news on social media remains underexplored. Two experiments uncovered a theoretical mechanism underlying the effect of fact-checking on sharing intentions, and identified an important contextual cue (i.e., social media metrics) that interacts with fact-checking effects. Exposure to fake news with fact-checking information (vs. fake news without fact-checking information) yielded more negative evaluations of the news and a greater belief that others are more influenced by the news than oneself (third-person perception [TPP]). Increased TPP, in turn, led to weaker intentions to share fake news on social media. Fact-checking information also nullified the effect of social media metrics on sharing intentions; without fact-checking information, higher (vs. lower) social media metrics induced greater intentions to share the news. However, when fact-checking debunked the news, such an effect disappeared.

中文翻译：

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当我得知新闻是错误的时：事实检查信息如何通过第三人称视角阻止虚假新闻的传播

摘要

尽管事实检查作为打击假新闻的潜在工具已受到广泛关注，但事实调查信息是否以及如何减少在社交媒体上共享假新闻的意图仍未得到充分研究。两项实验揭示了事实检查对共享意图的影响背后的理论机制，并确定了与事实检查作用相互作用的重要上下文提示（即社交媒体指标）。暴露于带有事实检查信息的虚假新闻（与没有事实检查信息的虚假新闻）相比，对新闻的负面评价更高，更相信其他人比自己受新闻影响更大（第三人称感知[TPP]） 。TPP的增加反过来导致在社交媒体上分享假新闻的意图减弱。事实检查信息还消除了社交媒体指标对共享意图的影响；在没有事实检查信息的情况下，较高（相对较低）的社交媒体指标引起了更大的分享新闻的意图。但是，当事实检查揭穿新闻时，这种影响就消失了。