Abstract

In India, coal-based electricity is a leading cause for greenhouse gas emissions. However, many uncertainties prevail in the emissions estimation from coal-fired plants due to the dynamics of varying net calorific values (NCV) and carbon emission factors (CEF) associated with different grades of coal coupled with the coal oxidation factors (COF) of power plants. After 2012, a major change in the Indian non-coking coal grading system along with other developments like (a) rising efficiencies of thermal power plants, (b) changes in coal quality due to mining at deeper seams, (c) coal mining and distribution strategy have affected the NCVs, CEFs and COF associated with coal combustion in Indian power plants. These changes are expected to impact the CO₂ emissions from coal-based power plants. Our findings suggest that implementation of the newly revised, power sector specific, NCV-CEF-COF-2015 have resulted in reduction of CO₂ emission estimates from coal-based electricity generation by about 139 Tera grams (Tg) (12%) and 73 Tg (7%) for the year 2015 as compared to the corresponding emissions calculated using NCV-CEF-COF-1994 and NCV-CEF-COF-2007, respectively. Going forward, these newly estimated factors will provide greater accuracy in emissions estimation from coal-fired power plants in India.

摘要

在印度，煤电是造成温室气体排放的主要原因。但是，由于变化的净热值（NCV）和碳排放因子（CEF）的变化与不同等级的煤以及动力的煤的氧化因子（COF）相关联，因此在燃煤电厂的排放估算中存在许多不确定性植物。2012年之后，印度的非焦煤分级系统发生了重大变化，并伴随着其他发展，例如（a）火力发电厂效率提高，（b）由于在较深煤层开采而导致的煤炭质量变化，（c）煤炭开采和分销策略已经影响了与印度电厂燃煤有关的NCV，CEF和COF。这些变化有望影响CO ₂燃煤电厂的排放。我们的发现表明，实施新修订的特定于电力行业的NCV-CEF-COF-2015，导致煤炭发电的CO ₂排放估算值减少了约139兆克（Tg）（12％）和73与分别使用NCV-CEF-COF-1994和NCV-CEF-COF-2007计算的相应排放量相比，2015年的Tg（7％）。展望未来，这些新估算的因素将为印度燃煤电厂的排放估算提供更高的准确性。