ABSTRACT

This research presents the issue of wildlife access to garbage at dumpsites and suggests appropriate management in Kaeng Krachan National Park in Thailand. I set camera traps at three dumpsites from May 2018 to January 2019 (601 trap nights). I detected 38 wild species and three domesticated species. There were five, 20, and 13 species of reptiles, birds, and mammals, respectively, including the globally vulnerable Malayan sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) and long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis). The most prevalent species were diurnal, followed by nocturnal and then crepuscular. Nine species fed on food waste. Highly abundant species visited the dumpsites more frequently than did less abundant ones. Food waste quantities were correlated with the number of tourists, the species number, total individual animals, and species abundance. The likelihood of animals using dumpsites was dependent on the time of day, the location, the tourist season, and the group of animals. Feeding at dumpsites may change the ecological roles and foraging behaviour of wildlife, which leads to increasing populations and human-wildlife conflict. Proper management is required so that increasing waste from tourism will not negatively affect threatened species.

摘要

这项研究提出了野生动物在垃圾场获取垃圾的问题，并建议在泰国 Kaeng Krachan 国家公园进行适当的管理。从 2018 年 5 月到 2019 年 1 月（601 个陷阱之夜），我在三个垃圾场设置了相机陷阱。我检测到了 38 个野生物种和三个驯化物种。爬行动物、鸟类和哺乳动物分别有5、20和 13 种，包括全球易受伤害的马来亚太阳熊 ( Helarctos malayanus ) 和长尾猕猴 ( Macaca fascicularis)）。最普遍的物种是白天活动的，其次是夜间活动，然后是黄昏。九种以食物垃圾为食。高度丰富的物种比不那么丰富的物种更频繁地访问垃圾场。食物垃圾数量与游客数量、物种数量、动物个体总数和物种丰度相关。动物使用垃圾场的可能性取决于一天中的时间、地点、旅游季节和动物群。在垃圾场喂食可能会改变野生动物的生态角色和觅食行为，从而导致人口增加和人与野生动物的冲突。需要进行适当的管理，以便增加旅游产生的废物不会对受威胁的物种产生负面影响。