ABSTRACT

Within Norwegian agriculture, combined dairy and beef production has been identified as a major source of greenhouse gas emissions and thus targeted for significant reductions. The article examines the path dependency of the dairy and beef production system in Norway and focuses on identifying lock-ins. The authors used qualitative methods to gather information from stakeholder meetings in Trøndelag and Rogaland counties. They explored the stakeholders’ responses to two different visions of agriculture in the future: the improved utilisation of outfields using Norwegian Red cattle and increasing production per animal by using feed concentrates. Six key areas of lock-in were identified: technology investment, culture, feeding strategy, policy, access to new farmland through moorland conversion, and ownership of the climate issue. The findings suggest that the current pathway in agriculture is strongly locked into production orientation through these lock-ins, making a production reduction option difficult to implement. There was also widespread belief among the stakeholders that the system of combined dairy and beef production was a climate-friendly option, suggesting that farmers are not convinced that a change in this direction is required. The authors conclude that the option of reducing production would be difficult to implement without addressing the multiple lock-in effects.

摘要

在挪威农业中，乳制品和牛肉的联合生产已被确定为温室气体排放的主要来源，因此旨在大幅度减少。本文研究了挪威奶牛和牛肉生产系统的路径依赖性，并着重介绍了锁定问题。作者使用定性方法从Trøndelag和Rogaland县的利益相关者会议中收集信息。他们探讨了利益相关者对未来两种不同农业前景的反应：使用挪威红牛改善外地的利用，以及通过使用饲料精矿提高每只动物的产量。确定了锁定的六个关键领域：技术投资，文化，饲养策略，政策，通过改建高地获得新农田以及对气候问题的所有权。这些发现表明，通过这些锁定，当前的农业生产路径被牢固地锁定在生产导向中，这使得减产方案难以实施。利益相关者之间也普遍认为，乳制品和牛肉的联合生产系统是一种气候友好的选择，这表明农民不相信需要朝这个方向做出改变。作者得出结论，如果不解决多重锁定效应，减少产量的选择将难以实施。利益相关者之间也普遍认为，乳制品和牛肉的联合生产系统是一种气候友好的选择，这表明农民不相信需要朝这个方向做出改变。作者得出结论，如果不解决多重锁定效应，减少产量的选择将难以实施。利益相关者之间也普遍认为，乳制品和牛肉的联合生产系统是一种气候友好的选择，这表明农民不相信需要朝这个方向做出改变。作者得出结论，如果不解决多重锁定效应，减少产量的选择将难以实施。