Abstract

Hardy FJ, Preece E, Backer L. 2021. Status of state cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring efforts, United States. Lake Reserv Manage. 37:246–260.

A widespread effort is underway to improve awareness of cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) across the United States using a variety of monitoring programs and public health outreach measures to protect people, pets, and livestock. To determine the status of cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring efforts, 2 questionnaires were distributed to health/environmental departments in 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC). One questionnaire focused on cyanoHAB exposure to humans from drinking water and the second targeted exposure through recreational activities. All states plus DC responded to the recreational survey; 46 states plus DC responded to the drinking water survey. All states except Alaska answered that microcystins were the cyanotoxins of greatest concern for recreational exposure; microcystins were also of greatest concern for drinking water with the exception of Utah (anatoxin-a in reservoirs was greatest concern) and Rhode Island (microcystins and anatoxin-a in reservoirs/ponds were greatest concern). Regional comparisons disclosed a lack of cyanoHAB programs in southern states relative to northern states that may be related to the higher percentage of water surface area in northern states. Interestingly, recreational outreach is more extensive than drinking water outreach (only 16 states reported having some type of drinking water outreach program, compared with 35 states with recreational outreach), and preferred outreach methods are websites and press releases. Additionally, respondents reported very limited funding for outreach and monitoring programs. Our results establish baseline information to help determine what future direction cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring programs can take at local, regional, and national levels.

摘要

Hardy FJ、Preece E、Backer L. 2021。美国 cyanoHAB 外展和监测工作的状态。湖保护区管理。37：246-260。

正在开展一项广泛的工作，以提高美国对蓝藻有害藻华 (cyanoHAB) 的认识，使用各种监测计划和公共卫生外展措施来保护人、宠物和牲畜。为了确定 cyanoHAB 外展和监测工作的状态，向 50 个州和哥伦比亚特区 (DC) 的卫生/环境部门分发了 2 份问卷。一份调查问卷的重点是人类从饮用水中接触到 cyanoHAB，第二份调查问卷是通过娱乐活动进行的有针对性的接触。所有州和华盛顿都对娱乐调查做出了回应；46 个州和哥伦比亚特区对饮用水调查做出了回应。除阿拉斯加以外的所有州都回答说，微囊藻毒素是娱乐性接触中最受关注的蓝藻毒素；除了犹他州（水库中的类毒素-a 是最受关注的）和罗德岛州（水库/池塘中的微囊藻毒素和类毒素-a 是最受关注的）外，微囊藻毒素也是饮用水中最受关注的问题。区域比较显示，与北部各州相比，南部各州缺乏氰基HAB 计划，这可能与北部各州较高的水面面积百分比有关。有趣的是，娱乐外展比饮用水外展更广泛（只有 16 个州报告有某种类型的饮用水外展计划，而 35 个州有娱乐外展），首选的外展方法是网站和新闻稿。此外，受访者报告外展和监测计划的资金非常有限。