ABSTRACT

This paper presents the design of Meander and Koch Curves based Wearable Hybrid Fractal Antenna (MKWHFA) using Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) and Iterative Function System (IFS). The proposed antenna design combines two fractal geometries i.e. Meander and Koch curve to enhance its performance characteristics. It uses the Jean material as a substrate having a dielectric constant of 1.7 and height 1 mm. The patch and the ground plane made using the copper tape. ANSYS/Ansoft HFSS V13 software is used for simulating and designing for the proposed MKWHFA. Parametric analysis on this antenna’s ground plane is done to achieve the desired resonant frequency, gain, and bandwidth. A mathematical model is derived using the IFS to generate the fractal geometry in MATLAB software. The feed position of MKWHFA optimised using PSO technique. The MKWHFA with Meander-Koch slot resonates at 2.4508 GHz, 5.4005 GHz, 6.6503 GHz, and 8.0002 GHz with corresponding gains 5.61 dB, 8.55 dB, 5.07 dB and 3.24 dB, bandwidths 291 MHz, 94 MHz, 222 MHz and 310 MHz respectively. The proposed MKWHFA fabricated and tested in the laboratory. There is a good agreement between the simulated and experimentally measured results.

摘要

本文介绍了使用粒子群优化 (PSO) 和迭代函数系统 (IFS) 的基于曲折和科赫曲线的可穿戴混合分形天线 (MKWHFA) 的设计。提议的天线设计结合了两种分形几何形状，即曲折和科赫曲线，以增强其性能特征。它使用Jean材料作为基板，介电常数为1.7，高度为1mm。使用铜带制成的贴片和接地层。ANSYS/Ansoft HFSS V13 软件用于对所提议的 MKWHFA 进行仿真和设计。对该天线的接地平面进行参数分析以实现所需的谐振频率、增益和带宽。数学模型是使用 IFS 导出的，以在 MATLAB 软件中生成分形几何。MKWHFA 的进料位置使用 PSO 技术优化。带有曲折-科赫槽的 MKWHFA 谐振频率为 2.4508 GHz、5.4005 GHz、6.6503 GHz 和 8.0002 GHz，相应的增益为 5.61 dB、8.55 dB、5.07 dB 和 3.24 dB，带宽分别为 291 MHz、3204 MHz 和 3204 MHz。提议的 MKWHFA 在实验室制造和测试。模拟和实验测量的结果之间有很好的一致性。