Abstract

With the ability to use organic compounds, to rapidly proliferate, and to achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria (HNB) have remarkable potential in wastewater biological nitrogen removal (BNR) engineering fields. This review provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of the current knowledge of HNB in wastewater BNR systems. First, it briefly summarizes the general nitrogen transformation pathway and the physiological-biochemical features of HNB. Subsequently, it highlights the phylogenetic diversity of HNB isolates from wastewater BNR systems and their bioaugmentation applications in wastewater BNR systems. Recent developments in the detection of HNB gene abundance and heterotrophic nitrifying activity in wastewater BNR systems is also discussed extensively. This will improve our fundamental understanding of the contribution of HNB to ammonia oxidization in wastewater BNR systems in the presence of various autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms, which is important for the control, improvement, and optimization of wastewater BNR systems.

摘要

异养硝化细菌（HNB）具有利用有机物、快速增殖、实现同时硝化和反硝化的能力，在废水生物脱氮（BNR）工程领域具有显着的潜力。本综述全面而系统地概述了废水 BNR 系统中 HNB 的当前知识。首先，简要总结了一般的氮转化途径和加热不燃烧的生理生化特征。随后，它强调了废水 BNR 系统中 HNB 分离物的系统发育多样性及其在废水 BNR 系统中的生物强化应用。还广泛讨论了废水 BNR 系统中 HNB 基因丰度和异养硝化活性检测的最新进展。