ABSTRACT

The European landscape of neutron sources for research applications is changing and the major European joint effort, the European Spallation Source (ESS) currently under construction in Lund (Sweden), is progressing. The high flux source ESS is designed to deliver slow neutrons with a long-pulse time structure, a rather unique feature, with characteristics optimised to maximise the instrument performances and the experimental throughput. This is expected to result in unprecedented scientific capability over broad research areas. Major breakthroughs are likely to take place in the understanding of complex, strongly interacting and disordered systems, more specifically on their dynamical response. This will have an impact on the development of novel theories to cover some of the presently existing knowledge gaps and will prompt advanced applications of the investigated materials. Liquid metals are a prototypical example of complex systems extensively studied from the sixties on, now re-emerging as powerful functional materials for unconventional and broad spectrum applications. Research on liquid metal composites will benefit of the new experimental possibilities available at the ESS. We review the status of the experiments on liquid metals dynamics, focusing on a selected set of systems, and discuss the perspectives for cutting-edge experiments at the new sources.

摘要

欧洲用于研究的中子源格局正在发生变化，欧洲的主要共同努力，即正在瑞典隆德建造的欧洲散裂源（ESS）正在取得进展。高通量源ESS旨在提供具有长脉冲时间结构的慢速中子，这是一个相当独特的功能，其特性经过了优化，可最大限度地提高仪器性能和实验通量。预期这将导致广泛的研究领域具有空前的科学能力。在理解复杂，相互作用强烈和无序的系统中，尤其是在动态响应方面，可能会取得重大突破。这将对新颖理论的发展产生影响，以弥补目前存在的一些知识空白，并将促进所研究材料的高级应用。液态金属是六十年代以来广泛研究的复杂系统的典型例子，如今已重新成为功能强大的功能材料，用于非常规和广谱应用。液态金属复合材料的研究将受益于ESS提供的新实验可能性。我们重点关注一组选定的系统，回顾了液态金属动力学实验的状态，并讨论了在新来源进行前沿实验的观点。现在正重新成为功能强大的功能材料，用于非常规和广谱应用。液态金属复合材料的研究将受益于ESS提供的新实验可能性。我们重点关注一组选定的系统，回顾了液态金属动力学实验的状态，并讨论了在新来源进行前沿实验的观点。现在，它重新成为功能强大的功能材料，用于非常规和广谱应用。液态金属复合材料的研究将受益于ESS提供的新实验可能性。我们重点关注一组选定的系统，回顾了液态金属动力学实验的状态，并讨论了在新来源进行前沿实验的观点。