Growth hormone (GH) and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF1) are crucial for female reproductive functions. The cyclic regulation of the local GH/IGF1 axis in the oviduct and its involvement in oviductal contraction in cattle has not been investigated. Thus, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression for GH receptor (GHR), IGF1, IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) in the whole oviducts, as well as in cultured bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOECs) were evaluated. The GHR, IGF1, and IGF1R mRNA expression was significantly higher during postovulatory phase. The luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol‐17β (E2), and LH + E2 treatments significantly increased GHR and IGF1 mRNA expression in cultured BOECs. Further, GH and combination of GH with LH and E2 upregulated IGF1 mRNA expression in the BOECs. Moreover, IGF1 + LH and combined IGF1 + LH + E2 treatments significantly increased prostaglandin synthesis cascade enzyme mRNA expression in the BOECs. An ex vivo microdialysis assay revealed that GH and IGF1 induced the release of oviductal contraction related prostaglandins, endothelin‐1, and angiotensin II in follicular and postovulatory phases. Together, the findings strongly suggest that the presence of the active GH/IGF1 axis during the peri‐ovulatory period, regulating the local system for the release of oviductal contraction related substances, which may provide the optimal oviductal environment for gametes and early embryo.

中文翻译：

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牛围排卵期生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子1轴激活输卵管收缩相关物质的合成和释放

生长激素 (GH) 和胰岛素样生长因子 1 (IGF1) 对女性生殖功能至关重要。尚未研究输卵管中局部 GH/IGF1 轴的循环调节及其与牛输卵管收缩的关系。因此，评估了整个输卵管以及培养的牛输卵管上皮细胞 (BOEC) 中GH 受体 ( GHR )、IGF1、IGF1 受体 ( IGF1R )的信使 RNA (mRNA) 表达。所述GHR，IGF1和IGF1R在排卵后阶段mRNA表达显著高。黄体生成素 (LH)、雌二醇-17β (E2) 和 LH + E2 处理显着增加GHR和IGF1培养的 BOECs 中的 mRNA 表达。此外，GH 以及 GH 与 LH 和 E2 的组合上调了 BOEC 中的IGF1 mRNA 表达。此外，IGF1 + LH 和 IGF1 + LH + E2 联合处理显着增加了 BOEC 中前列腺素合成级联酶 mRNA 的表达。体外微透析试验表明，GH 和 IGF1 在卵泡期和排卵后期诱导输卵管收缩相关的前列腺素、内皮素-1 和血管紧张素 II 的释放。总之，这些发现有力地表明，在排卵期期间存在活跃的 GH/IGF1 轴，调节局部系统释放输卵管收缩相关物质，这可能为配子和早期胚胎提供最佳的输卵管环境。