Decarbonization of the maritime transportation fuels is a primary objective of the shipping industry. Ammonia is an attractive option because of its relatively low greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, high energy density, competitive cost, and ubiquitous infrastructure for manufacturing, storage, and distribution. The environmental benefits are enhanced when the manufacture of ammonia is assisted by renewable energy and feedstocks. This paper evaluates the potential usage of ammonia, especially renewable ammonia, as a maritime transportation fuel. The assessment covers manufacturing approaches, energy and feedstock sources, economics, and environmental impact based on well-to-tank and tank-to-propeller bases.

Comparison is also made with conventional fuels that are currently used in the shipping industry. Finally, the paper discusses future directions and impact of technological advances on the potential use of renewable ammonia as a transportation fuel.

海上运输燃料的脱碳是航运业的主要目标。氨是一种有吸引力的选择，因为它的温室气体（GHG）排放量相对较低，能量密度高，具有竞争力的成本以及无处不在的制造，存储和分配基础设施。当氨的生产得到可再生能源和原料的辅助时，将增加环境效益。本文评估了氨（尤其是可再生氨）作为海上运输燃料的潜在用途。该评估涵盖了基于油罐到油箱以及罐到螺旋桨的基础的制造方法，能源和原料来源，经济和环境影响。

还与目前在航运业中使用的常规燃料进行了比较。最后，本文讨论了未来的方向和技术进步对可再生氨气作为运输燃料的潜在用途的影响。