Volcanic eruptions are a universal cause of ecological and geological disturbance; however, the differences in microbial communities from Quaternary volcanic soils at different stages of development in Inner Mongolia are little known. Microbial communities were investigated in Quaternary volcanic soils from Late Pleistocene volcano and Holocene volcano with the objective of elucidating their differences. The composition and potential functionality of soil microbial communities was significantly diverse between Late Pleistocene volcanic soils and Holocene volcanic soils. Although the richness, diversity and evenness of microbial communities at older volcanic soils were significantly greater than at younger volcanic soils, younger volcanic soils possessed a more complex microbial community network than older volcanic soils. The soil bacterial community was more sensitive to Quaternary volcanic soils than the fungal community, exhibiting significant differences at the phylum level and possessing more biomarkers. Quaternary volcanic soils may have enriched some specific microorganisms, i.e., biomarkers and generalists, closely related to the metabolism of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Quaternary volcanic soils first directly mediated soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and then guided microbial multifunctionality. These results clarify the difference patterns of soil microbial communities in support of better ecological management of volcanic area in Inner Mongolia.

火山喷发是造成生态和地质扰动的普遍原因。然而，内蒙古不同发育阶段的第四纪火山土壤微生物群落的差异鲜为人知。为了阐明它们之间的差异，对晚更新世火山和全新世火山的第四纪火山土壤中的微生物群落进行了研究。晚更新世火山土壤和全新世火山土壤的微生物群落组成和潜在功能差异很大。尽管较老的火山土壤的微生物群落的丰富度，多样性和均匀性明显大于较年轻的火山土壤，但较年轻的火山土壤比较老的火山土壤具有更复杂的微生物群落网络。土壤细菌群落对第四纪火山土壤的敏感性高于真菌群落，在菌门水平上表现出显着差异，并具有更多的生物标记。第四纪火山土壤可能富含一些特定的微生物，即生物标志物和通才，与土壤碳，氮和磷的代谢密切相关。第四纪火山土壤首先直接介导土壤碳，氮和磷，然后引导微生物的多功能性。这些结果阐明了土壤微生物群落的差异模式，以支持更好地控制内蒙古火山区的生态。第四纪火山土壤可能富含一些特定的微生物，即生物标志物和通才，与土壤碳，氮和磷的代谢密切相关。第四纪火山土壤首先直接介导土壤碳，氮和磷，然后引导微生物的多功能性。这些结果阐明了土壤微生物群落的差异模式，以支持更好地控制内蒙古火山区的生态。第四纪火山土壤可能富含一些特定的微生物，即生物标志物和通才，与土壤碳，氮和磷的代谢密切相关。第四纪火山土壤首先直接介导土壤碳，氮和磷，然后引导微生物的多功能性。这些结果阐明了土壤微生物群落的差异模式，以支持更好地控制内蒙古火山区的生态。