A facile and highly porous heterogeneous matrix was designed as a support for zero-valent Cu nanoparticles. This heterogeneous support is composed of filter paper, chitosan, and titanium dioxide, and on this support matrix, a metallic Cu²⁺ nanoparticle was loaded. The metallic Cu²⁺ nanoparticle was then reduced to Cu⁰ in NaBH₄ solution. The prepared catalyst (Cu/CHTiO₂/FP) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (XPS) and the results indicated that the synthesis of zero-valent Cu nanoparticles on the heterogenous support by this method was successful. The prepared Cu/CHTiO₂/FP catalytic activity was investigated to remove four different textile dyes: Rhodamine B, Bromocresol Green, Methyl Orange, and Eriochrome Black T in the presence of NaBH₄. The results show that the catalyst is efficient and can be adapted to remove the different classes of dyes studied. Aside from the catalyst's efficiency, it could be quickly recovered by simply pulling out from the reaction medium, washed, and reused. The reusability of the catalyst recorded over 90% removal after five cycles.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

---

零价铜纳米粒子负载在滤纸-壳聚糖-氧化钛异质载体上催化去除选定的纺织品染料

设计了一种方便且高度多孔的异质基质，以作为零价铜纳米颗粒的载体。该非均质载体由滤纸，壳聚糖和二氧化钛组成，并且在该载体基质上负载了金属Cu ²⁺纳米颗粒。然后将金属Cu ²⁺纳米颗粒在NaBH ₄溶液中还原为Cu ⁰。制备的催化剂（Cu / CHTiO ₂/ FP）的特征在于X射线衍射（XRD），傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR），扫描电子显微镜（SEM），能量色散X射线光谱法（EDS）和能量色散X射线光谱法（XPS） ），结果表明该方法在异质载体上成功合成了零价Cu纳米粒子。在NaBH ₄存在下，研究了制备的Cu / CHTiO ₂ / FP的催化活性以去除四种不同的纺织染料：若丹明B，溴甲酚绿，甲基橙和Eriochrome Black T。结果表明，该催化剂是有效的，并且可以适于去除所研究的不同种类的染料。除了催化剂的效率外，只需将其从反应介质中抽出，清洗并重复使用，即可快速回收催化剂。在五个循环后，催化剂的可重复使用性记录了90％以上的去除率。

图形摘要