Electron microscopic studies of the surface of the spacecraft descent vehicle (DV) have revealed faceted particles of various shape and size, which are formed when the DV travels through the Earth’s atmosphere at an ultrasonic velocity. The particles are no more than 5 µm in size. An X-ray diffraction analysis of the phase composition of the precipitate on the DVs porthole after their landing showed that the test samples contain the following minerals: сryptohalite—(NH₄)₂[SiF₆]), sal ammoniac—NH₄Cl, mullite—Al₂SiO_5, and other minerals that rarely occur in nature. The paper presents results of electron microscopic and X-ray studies of samples taken from 4 descent vehicles.

对航天器下降飞行器（DV）表面的电子显微镜研究揭示了各种形状和大小的多面粒子，这些粒子是在DV以超声波速度行进穿过地球大气层时形成的。颗粒的尺寸不超过5 µm。对DVs舷窗降落后的沉淀物的相组成进行X射线衍射分析，结果表明测试样品中含有以下矿物：隐岩盐-（NH ₄）₂ [SiF ₆ ]），盐氨-NH ₄ Cl，莫来石— Al ₂ SiO ₅和其他自然界中罕见的矿物。本文介绍了从4个下降载具上采集的样品的电子显微镜和X射线研究结果。