Environment, Development and Sustainability ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01248-9 Yasser Fathi Nassar , Mansour Awiedat Salem , Kaiss Rateb Iessa , Ibraheem Mohamed AlShareef , Khaled Amer Ali , Massoud Ali Fakher
The present study was conducted to estimate the CO2 emission factor for the entire energy industry sector in Libya using life-cycle assessment methodology. The CO2 emissions were tracked along with the extraction, distillation and conversion of the energy flow chain. The present results are based on real monitored data collected during the energy flow process from the oil fields to the refinery and lastly to the power plant. Its shown that to generate 1MWh electricity, 291 kg of Diesel fuel has to be burn, which in turn, 1141 kg of crude oil should be refined. The CO2 flow chart has been drawn for this process, it found that the total CO2 emissions are about 983 kg CO2/MWh, the share of oil industry sector which comes extraction and refinery are 0.97 and 5.43% respectively and the rest is from the electricity generation. The obtained results showed wide differences between CO2 emission factors that were tabulated in inventories approved by many environmental agencies for all categories. Furthermore, the followed approach in this research has increased the CO2 emission factors by 6.7% compared to the traditional approach and will give opportunities for fair competition for other electricity generation alternatives (such as renewable energy resources). This approach gives engineering and economic new dimensions to deal with the environmental issues, so that, the concept of optimization of engineering design can be applied from an environmental perspective. Accurate energetic and environmental data were presented activate the climate change policies and mitigation strategies, which can help politicians and decision-makers to draw their environmental policies more effectively.
中文翻译:
利比亚能源行业的CO 2排放因子估算:一个案例研究
本研究旨在使用生命周期评估方法估算利比亚整个能源行业的CO 2排放因子。跟踪CO 2排放以及能流链的提取,蒸馏和转化。目前的结果是基于在从油田到精炼厂,最后到发电厂的能量流过程中收集到的实际监测数据。它显示出,要产生1兆瓦时的电能,必须燃烧291千克柴油,然后应提炼1141千克原油。已为此过程绘制了CO 2流程图,发现该过程的总CO 2排放量约为983 kg CO 2每兆瓦时,石油工业部门的份额分别为提炼和精炼,分别为0.97%和5.43%,其余部分来自发电。获得的结果表明,在许多环境机构批准的所有类别的清单中,表中列出的CO 2排放因子之间存在很大差异。此外,本研究中采用的后续方法增加了CO 2与传统方法相比,排放因子降低了6.7%,这将为与其他发电替代方案(例如可再生能源)的公平竞争提供机会。这种方法为处理环境问题提供了工程和经济上的新维度,因此可以从环境角度应用工程设计优化的概念。提出了准确的能源和环境数据,从而激活了气候变化政策和缓解策略,这可以帮助政客和决策者更有效地制定其环境政策。