Biofouling has been reported to be both harmful and innocuous on the growth and survival of cultured bivalves. If harmful, it could increase the operational cost substantially in an attempt to mitigate it. The study investigated the effect of sedentary biofoulers on the growth and survival of Crassostrea tulipa cultured on coconut shell and oyster shell cultches in the Densu Delta, Ghana, from December 2017 to July 2018. Physico-chemical parameters were monitored. Environmental temperature (26.4 ± 0.07 °C–29.5 ± 0.50 °C) and pH (7.2 ± 0.01–8.8 ± 0.01) were found to be within optimum levels for oyster propagation. The low levels of salinity (0.2 ± 0.01 ‰) and DO (0.6 ± 0.01 mg/l) and high turbidity (31.4 ± 2.91 NTU) could explain the observed high mortality of cultured oysters in July 2018. The observed fouling organisms were Fistubalanus pallidus (barnacle), Brachidontes sp. (mussel), Ficopomatus sp. (tube worm), Chaetomorpha antennina (green alga), and sea anemone. Oysters cultured on the undersurface of biofouled oyster shell cultches exhibited significantly faster growth than their cleaned counterparts but comparable on the upper surfaces of the cultches. The growth of cultured oysters on biofouled coconut shell cultches exhibits faster but insignificant growth than the oysters on cleaned cultches. There was no significant difference between the survival of oysters cultured on biofouled and cleaned coconut shell and oyster shell cultches. Marketable size oysters (≥ 6 cm shell height) are attainable in 7 to 8 months for both treatments. It was concluded that biofouling had no deleterious effect on the growth and survival of oysters. Besides, given the preferred shucked oysters in the Ghanaian market, it is inessential to incur further cost to control biofoulers.

据报道，生物污染对培养的双壳类动物的生长和存活既有害又无害。如果有害，它可能会大大增加运营成本，以试图减轻运营成本。该研究调查了久坐的生物污垢物对景天油菜生长和存活的影响。于2017年12月至2018年7月在加纳的Densu三角洲的椰子壳和牡蛎壳上进行养殖。监测理化参数。发现环境温度（26.4±0.07°C–29.5±0.50°C）和pH（7.2±0.01–8.8±0.01）在牡蛎繁殖的最佳水平之内。低盐度（0.2±0.01‰）和溶解氧（0.6±0.01 mg / l）以及高浊度（31.4±2.91 NTU）可以解释2018年7月观察到的养殖牡蛎的高死亡率。观察到的结垢生物是苍白菲氏菌。（藤壶），腕足类。（贻贝），Ficopomatus sp。（管虫），Chaetomorpha antennina（绿藻）和海葵。在生物污染的牡蛎壳栽培种下表面培养的牡蛎比清洁的牡蛎生长快得多，但在栽培种上表面可比。生物污染的椰子壳养殖牡蛎的生长比清洁养殖牡蛎的生长快但微不足道。在生物结垢和清洁的椰子壳和牡蛎壳培养物中培养的牡蛎的存活率之间没有显着差异。两种处理都可以在7到8个月内获得市售大小的牡蛎（壳高≥6 cm）。结论是生物污染对牡蛎的生长和存活没有有害影响。此外，考虑到加纳市场上首选的去壳牡蛎，控制生物污损者的进一步成本是不必要的。