ABSTRACT The current article offers an exploration of the incipient development of crowdfunding anime projects for short and medium-length films. Japanese commercial animation is characterized by the support of a strong production industry that primarily targets local audiences through cross-media projects, developed in synergy with other cultural sectors (such as the publishing industry, record labels, or video game developers). The growing acceptance of anime in markets around the world has strengthened it as one of the most well-known forms of Japanese popular culture and has also resulted in changes to some of the dominant dynamics of its production to adapt to technological innovations. One of these changes has been the rise of crowdfunding, an increasingly popular form of financing involving the patronage of fans from all corners of the world who want to participate in these audiovisual projects. This article analyses the response to some of the more popular initiatives from a historiographical perspective on the production and reception of commercial animation and the main theories related to the relationship between the hyperactive nature of Japanese fandom and collective financing. The conclusions include the confirmation of the increasing receptiveness to anime crowdfunding among potential sponsors—especially among fans based outside Japan on platforms with a global reach, such as Kickstarter—and a consideration of the transformative potential of this phenomenon for a precarious industry and its usefulness as a tool for exploring the viability of the production and distribution of projects by animation studios.

中文翻译：

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众筹日本商业动画：动漫领域的集体融资经验

摘要 本文探讨了中短片动画众筹项目的初期发展。日本商业动画的特点是拥有强大的制作产业的支持，该产业主要通过跨媒体项目针对当地观众，与其他文化部门（如出版业、唱片公司或视频游戏开发商）协同发展。世界各地市场对动漫的接受度越来越高，这加强了它作为日本流行文化最著名形式之一的地位，也导致其生产的一些主要动力发生变化以适应技术创新。这些变化之一是众筹的兴起，一种越来越流行的融资形式，涉及来自世界各地想要参与这些视听项目的粉丝的赞助。本文从历史学的角度分析了对商业动画制作和接受的一些更受欢迎的倡议的反应，以及与日本粉丝的过度活跃与集体融资之间关系的主要理论。结论包括确认潜在赞助商对动漫众筹的接受度越来越高，尤其是在日本以外的具有全球影响力的平台上的粉丝中，