ABSTRACT The shifting focus of criminal proceedings from the trial to the pre-trial stages leads to a changing role of criminal defence practitioners across Europe. European criminal defence lawyers are now expected to enter the proceedings earlier and exercise “active” and “participatory” defence as early as the investigative stage. Criminal lawyers, trained in the traditional trial-centred paradigm, are ill-prepared for this role, which results in an important skills gap. Legal representation at the investigative stage presents unique challenges, such as shortage of information, time pressures and the closed nature of pre-trial proceedings. It requires lawyers to operate in a more complex communication environment, than the one to which they have been accustomed. This article sets out the main elements of a professional training programme aiming to fill in the emerging skills gap. The training programme (SUPRALAT) was successfully implemented in Belgium, Hungary, Ireland and the Netherlands, and is being expanded further. The training focuses on effective communication skills, experiential learning and the development of reflective skills. It includes elements of interprofessional training and encourages the development of “communities of practice”.

中文翻译：

---

当代刑事辩护实践：在调查阶段积极参与的重要性以及相关的培训要求

摘要刑事诉讼从审判的重点转移到审判前的阶段，导致整个欧洲的刑事辩护从业人员的作用发生了变化。现在预计欧洲刑事辩护律师将提早进入诉讼程序，并在调查阶段尽早进行“主动”和“参与式”辩护。在传统的以审判为中心的范式中受过训练的刑事律师对这一角色没有做好充分的准备，这导致了重要的技能差距。调查阶段的法律代表提出了独特的挑战，例如信息短缺，时间压力以及预审程序的封闭性。它要求律师在他们习惯的环境中开展业务，而不是在更为复杂的沟通环境中开展业务。本文列出了旨在弥补新兴技能差距的专业培训计划的主要内容。培训计划（SUPRALAT）已在比利时，匈牙利，爱尔兰和荷兰成功实施，并且正在进一步扩展。培训的重点是有效的沟通技巧，经验学习和反思能力的发展。它包括跨专业培训的内容，并鼓励发展“实践社区”。