Abstract

This article examines the relationship between firm-level innovation and employment growth for industrial firms in the Netherlands. The empirical analysis uses four waves of the CIS survey for the period 2002-2010. It extends the literature by making an explicit split between the expansion effect of innovation and the labour productivity effect. The results show that both product and process innovation increase labour productivity and therefore induce direct reductions in employment. However, these negative employment effects are more than compensated by increases in sales, implying that both process and product innovations increase employment. In this article for the first time the relationship between both product and process innovations and employment is decomposed in a systematic manner based on explicit econometric equations on the relationship between innovation and labour productivity respectively sales. It is argued that the effects for sales and labour productivity are probably underestimated in all research that uses CIS survey data because these do not show the price effects of increased productivity, but that this effect cancels out in the estimated employment equation.

摘要

本文研究了荷兰工业企业的企业创新与就业增长之间的关系。实证分析使用了四波2002-2010年的独联体调查。它通过在创新的扩张效应和劳动生产率效应之间进行明确的划分来扩展文献。结果表明，产品和工艺创新都可以提高劳动生产率，从而直接减少就业。但是，这些负面的就业影响不仅仅可以通过增加销售来弥补，这意味着工艺和产品创新都可以增加就业。在本文中，首次基于显式计量经济学方程式，系统地分解了产品和流程创新与就业之间的关系，这些方程分别基于创新与劳动生产率之间的关系。有人认为，在所有使用CIS调查数据的研究中，对销售和劳动生产率的影响可能都被低估了，因为这些研究并未显示出生产率提高的价格影响，但这种影响在估计的就业方程中被抵消了。