Abstract This paper calculates the switching costs in the context of the Brazilian airline industry by considering an indirect approach, and econometrically evaluates its determinants during the 2005-2017 period. Evidence suggests non-negligible switching costs that display a decreasing trend over time, which is consistent with an increase in the competition in the sector, as also exhibited in other countries. An instrumental variables estimation suggests that variables referring to the number of flights, a frequent flyer program and the entry/presence of competitors play a role in determining the magnitude of switching costs.

中文翻译：

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巴西航空业的转换成本

摘要本文通过考虑间接方法来计算巴西航空业的转换成本，并从经济角度评估其决定因素在2005-2017年期间。有证据表明，不可忽视的转换成本随着时间的推移呈现出下降的趋势，这与该行业竞争的加剧是一致的，在其他国家也是如此。有工具的变量估计表明，涉及航班数量，飞行常客计划和竞争对手进入/在场的变量在确定转换成本的大小中起作用。