ABSTRACT While TVET literature focuses on the potential role of the sector in socio-economic development, seldom is attention given to how socio-economic conditions and policies affect the development of the sector. This paper endeavours to contribute to filling this gap. It argues that examining the factors that influence access, equity and outcomes of TVET and education may not be possible without being embedded in their socio-economic context. A main finding of the paper is that cluttered socio-economic conditions and the public governance system in Sudan have resulted in a weak TVET system – severely deficient finance, contraction, inadequacy and irrelevance of provision, and uncoordinated institutional governance. Industrial employers’ response is to rely largely on informal apprenticeship, which, while helping the poor and creating employment, may not be a replacement for formal TVET provision. A further finding is that the sector is neglecting rural and conflict-ridden regions and girls.

中文翻译：

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苏丹的TVET：在混乱的社会经济条件下政府的疏忽，雇主的回应和改革的挑战

摘要虽然职业技术教育与培训的文献集中在该部门在社会经济发展中的潜在作用，但很少关注社会经济条件和政策如何影响该部门的发展。本文致力于为填补这一空白做出贡献。它认为，如果不将其纳入社会经济背景，就不可能研究影响职业技术教育与培训的机会，公平和成果的因素。该论文的主要发现是，混乱的社会经济状况和苏丹的公共治理体系导致了TVET体系的薄弱-资金严重不足，紧缩，供给不足和不相关以及机构治理不协调。工业用人单位的对策主要是依靠非正式学徒制，在帮助穷人并创造就业机会时，可能无法取代正规的TVET条款。进一步的发现是，该部门忽视了农村和充满冲突的地区和女孩。