ABSTRACT Scientists are increasingly being called upon to play a more prominent role in the interface of science and society by contributing to science literacy in ways that support two-way exchanges with the public. However, many remain reluctant to participate in public engagement activities in part because they feel they lack relevant skills and experience. We surveyed scientists trained on engagement through a nationwide program called Portal to the Public and examined how participation in the program may have influenced their self-efficacy, commitment and attitudes about outreach, and perceived benefits from conducting outreach based on two-way exchange with lay audiences. Participating scientists who responded to the survey reported being deeply involved in and highly committed to hands-on interactive public outreach, felt their engagement skills had improved, and even viewed benefits of their engagement training that extended into university teaching and career development. Our findings suggest a comprehensive engagement training model, which incorporates learning theory, helps scientists build their own outreach strategies, provides opportunities to practice, and offers easy access to audiences, can have a sustained impact on disposition, perceived skills, and type of outreach conducted by scientists interested in deeper engagement with the public.

中文翻译：

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全面的公众参与培训和支持计划对科学家的外展态度和实践的影响

摘要越来越多地要求科学家通过支持与公众的双向交流的方式来促进科学素养，从而在科学与社会的界面中扮演更重要的角色。但是，许多人仍然不愿参加公众参与活动，部分原因是他们认为他们缺乏相关的技能和经验。我们调查了通过一项名为“向公众门户”的全国性计划接受过培训的科学家，并研究了该计划的参与可能如何影响他们的自我效能，对外展的承诺和态度，以及基于双向交流与外行进行外展的可感知收益听众。参与调查的参与研究的科学家报告说，他们积极参与互动式公共宣传，感到他们的参与技能有所提高，甚至认为他们的参与培训的好处已扩展到大学教学和职业发展中。我们的研究结果表明，一个综合的参与训练模型可以整合学习理论，帮助科学家制定自己的外展策略，提供实践机会，并易于与受众接触，可以对人的性格，感知技能和外展类型产生持续影响有兴趣与公众进行更深入互动的科学家。