In Indonesia, according to civil law, a political party can be a separate legal personality from its members vested with the same legal rights and duties as a legal citizen. They can participate in the economic, politic, legal, and social relationships. If they violate the law, they can also be held responsible. However, it is still very doubtful whether they can be liable in criminal law since they have critical function in the democratic political process as acknowledge by the constitution. This paper examines the position of a political party in their criminal liability, whether they can be prosecuted, and sanctioned. In order to do that the scientific methodology used for this research is doctrinal legal research, scrutinizing some theories, regulations, and legal cases, and analyzing some legal theories on corporate legal personalities. It examines regulations and cases that describe the conditions when a political party can or cannot be prosecuted as political parties. It is concluded that political parties do have some peculiarities that ordinary private corporations do not, such as the important roles they play in constitutional life as they can contest election results and hold power in the government. Some countries treat political parties differently when it comes to criminal law. This research will provide valuable information for judges, other law enforcement officers, and academia in understanding the position of political parties in criminal liability.

中文翻译：

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印度尼西亚政党的刑事责任

在印度尼西亚，根据民法，政党可以是独立于其成员的法人，享有与合法公民相同的法律权利和义务。他们可以参与经济、政治、法律和社会关系。如果他们违反了法律，他们也可以被追究责任。然而，由于宪法承认他们在民主政治进程中具有关键作用，因此他们能否在刑法中承担责任仍然很值得怀疑。本文考察了政党在其刑事责任中的地位，他们是否可以被起诉和制裁。为此，本研究采用的科学方法是理论法学研究，考察了一些理论、法规和法律案例，分析了一些关于公司法人的法律理论。它审查描述政党可以或不可以作为政党被起诉的条件的法规和案例。结论是政党确实有一些普通私人公司没有的特殊性，例如它们在宪法生活中扮演的重要角色，因为它们可以竞争选举结果并在政府中掌权。一些国家在刑法方面对待政党的方式不同。这项研究将为法官、其他执法人员和学术界提供有价值的信息，以了解政党在刑事责任中的地位。结论是政党确实有一些普通私人公司没有的特殊性，例如它们在宪法生活中扮演的重要角色，因为它们可以竞争选举结果并在政府中掌权。一些国家在刑法方面对待政党的方式不同。这项研究将为法官、其他执法人员和学术界提供有价值的信息，以了解政党在刑事责任中的地位。结论是政党确实有一些普通私人公司没有的特殊性，例如它们在宪法生活中扮演的重要角色，因为它们可以竞争选举结果并在政府中掌权。一些国家在刑法方面对待政党的方式不同。这项研究将为法官、其他执法人员和学术界提供有价值的信息，以了解政党在刑事责任中的地位。