Heightened immunity after a primary infection, persistent control of low-level infection, or vanquished immunity from chronic-active infection and cancer are interrelated issues concerning the nature of T-cell regeneration during immunity. For many regenerating tissues and cellular systems, such as epithelia and blood, there are at least three distinguishable stages of development and repair, marked by progressive loss of self-renewal and progressive commitment to differentiation. T cells seem to be no different. Quiescent precursors become activated and yield anabolic, proliferative progenitors while self-renewing the quiescent precursor population. Activated progenitors then yield differentiated cellular descendants alongside the self-renewal of progenitors. Nomenclature reflecting the mutually opposing nature of T-cell self-renewal and T-cell differentiation would help synchronize phenomena such as T-cell memory, protective immunity, and T-cell exhaustion with other regenerative paradigms, as well as offer new strategies to influence the intensity and duration of immunity.

中文翻译：

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T 细胞免疫成功与失败的再生视角

原发感染后免疫力的增强、低水平感染的持续控制或因慢性活动性感染和癌症而丧失的免疫力是与免疫过程中 T 细胞再生性质有关的相互关联的问题。对于许多再生组织和细胞系统，例如上皮和血液，至少存在三个可区分的发育和修复阶段，其特征是自我更新的逐渐丧失和分化的逐渐承诺。T细胞似乎没有什么不同。静止前体细胞被激活并产生合成代谢、增殖祖细胞，同时自我更新静止前体细胞群。然后，激活的祖细胞在祖细胞的自我更新的同时产生分化的细胞后代。