Our study explores public strategies for planning professional sport facilities, proposing a conceptual framework that distinguishes the scale of the planned facility and the scope of the land-use plan. Based on interviews, planning documents, site visits, aerial images and building permits we compare plans and their implementation in five Israeli cities, identifying two approaches: a business approach, that addresses actual demand (Tel Aviv and Sakhnin), and a large scale and scope approach expected to generate new demand through increased supply, viewing the facility as an anchor for a broader land-use plan and development agenda. Cities hence either opted for economically and socially meaningful yet small scale and narrow scope options, or for politically rewarding wide scale and scope plans. The former strategies were fully implemented whereas the latter led to a large scale but limited scope, contributing little to broader urban goals and seemingly representing municipal failure. The alternative of a smaller facility that conforms to demand with a wider scope of development has not been considered.

我们的研究探索了规划专业体育设施的公共策略，并提出了一个概念框架来区分规划的体育设施的规模和土地使用计划的范围。根据访谈，计划文件，实地考察，航空影像和建筑许可，我们比较了以色列五个城市的计划及其实施情况，确定了两种方法：一种是针对实际需求的商业方法（特拉维夫和萨赫宁），另一种是大规模范围法有望通过增加供应来产生新的需求，并将该设施视为更广泛的土地使用计划和发展议程的基础。因此，城市要么选择具有经济和社会意义的，规模较小，范围狭窄的方案，要么选择具有政治意义的大规模范围方案。前者的战略已得到充分实施，而后者则导致了大规模但范围有限，对更广泛的城市目标几乎没有贡献，似乎代表了市政的失败。尚未考虑使用较小的设施来满足需求并具有更大的开发范围。