This work presents a possibility of implementing Green Chemistry principles in the synthesis of bio-components. Five out of twelve principles have been highlighted taking into account the reagents used as well as the product analysis method and process monitoring. The influence of different contents of a catalyst (0.15−0.45 wt.%), transesterification agents (ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin and triethanolamine) as well as the reaction time and the properties of the bio-polyols on the transesterification process of used cooking oil (UCO) were analysed.

In this work, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was used for the first time to evaluate the yield of UCO transesterification into di- and monoglycerides as well as the reaction time. It was concluded that alcohols containing two primary hydroxyl groups were more reactive than alcohols containing three hydroxyl groups or two hydroxyl groups including one primary and one secondary group. The most reactive agent was triethanolamine and the transesterification reaction progress monitoring using gel permeation chromatography allowed us to complete the reaction in a time shorter by 75 %. In the case of glycerine, it was necessary to increase the temperature in order to increase the reaction yield. Selected physico-chemical properties: the density, viscosity, hydroxyl value, acid value, content of water as well as molecular weight and chemical structure of the bio-polyols based on UCO were studied too.

这项工作提出了在生物成分的合成中实施绿色化学原理的可能性。考虑到所用试剂以及产品分析方法和过程监控，突出了十二个原则中的五个。催化剂的不同含量（0.15-0.45 wt。％），酯交换剂（乙二醇，丙二醇，二甘醇，甘油和三乙醇胺）以及反应时间和生物多元醇的性质对酯交换反应的影响对用过的食用油（UCO）的过程进行了分析。

在这项工作中，首次使用凝胶渗透色谱法（GPC）来评估UCO酯交换成甘油二酸酯和甘油单酸酯的产率以及反应时间。结论是含有两个伯羟基的醇比含有三个羟基或两个羟基的醇具有一个伯和一个仲基的醇具有更高的反应性。最具反应性的试剂是三乙醇胺，使用凝胶渗透色谱法监测酯交换反应的进程可让我们在短于75％的时间内完成反应。在甘油的情况下，必须增加温度以增加反应产率。选定的理化特性：密度，粘度，羟值，酸值，