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The dead curator: Education and the rise of bureaucratic authority in natural history museums, 1870–1915
Museum History Journal Pub Date : 2016-12-15 , DOI: 10.1080/19369816.2016.1259378
Kathrinne Duffy 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT The dismantling of the Jenks Museum of Natural History at Brown University illustrates a shift from charismatic to bureaucratic authority in museums and its implications for museum education. J.W.P. Jenks, the museum’s founder and curator, died in 1894. Without Jenks’s constant effort on behalf of the museum, his collection deteriorated. Reacting against cabinet displays like those of the Jenks Museum, progressive ‘museum men’ like Brown alumnus Hermon Carey Bumpus developed new, de-personalised approaches to specimen-based museum education, including exhibitions and detailed object labels. At the American Museum of Natural History, these modes routinised interpretation for large urban audiences. At the same time, staff members in bureaucratic museums became more interchangeable. As museums expanded according to corporate and bureaucratic principles, the personalised, idiosyncratic interactions offered by educators like Jenks gave way to more systematized experiences that did not depend upon particular individuals to function.

中文翻译:

死去的策展人:自然历史博物馆的教育和官僚权威的兴起,1870-1915

摘要布朗大学詹克斯自然历史博物馆的拆除说明了博物馆从魅力到官僚权威的转变及其对博物馆教育的影响。博物馆的创始人兼策展人 JWP Jenks 于 1894 年去世。没有 Jenks 代表博物馆的不断努力,他的收藏品恶化了。对像詹克斯博物馆这样的橱柜展示做出反应,像布朗校友 Hermon Carey Bumpus 这样的进步“博物馆人”开发了新的、非个性化的基于标本的博物馆教育方法,包括展览和详细的物品标签。在美国自然历史博物馆,这些模式为大量城市观众提供了常规的解读。与此同时,官僚博物馆的工作人员变得更加具有互换性。
更新日期:2016-12-15
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