ABSTRACT

This paper presents a descriptive analysis of the evolution of labor supply, income, and consumption inequality in Iran using the 2005–2015 waves of the survey of Household Expenditure and Income (HIES). We document that the sharp decline in income and consumption inequality after the Subsidy Reform in 2010 was accompanied by a slight but persistent rise in respective inequality measures. We find that not only the level of income inequality is higher than consumption inequality but also that the fluctuations in income inequality are larger than those of consumption inequality. Moreover, income and consumption inequalities among rural households are higher compared to urban families. Finally, we show that within-group inequality, the inequality due to circumstances, can explain a considerable portion of the divergence observed between income and consumption inequalities.

摘要

本文使用2005-2015年家庭支出和收入调查（HIES）的浪潮，对伊朗的劳动力供应，收入和消费不平等的演变进行了描述性分析。我们记录到，2010年补贴改革后，收入和消费不平等现象急剧下降，而相应的不平等衡量指标却出现了轻微但持续的增长。我们发现，不仅收入不平等程度高于消费不平等程度，而且收入不平等的波动幅度大于消费不平等程度的波动幅度。此外，与城市家庭相比，农村家庭的收入和消费不平等程度更高。最后，我们证明了群体内部的不平等，即由于情况造成的不平等，