ABSTRACT This paper examines the determinants of the out-of-pocket health expenditure and catastrophic health spending incurred by Sudanese households. It also investigates the effect of out-of-pocket health expenditure on poverty incidence among households. The study uses 2009s National Baseline Household Survey (NBHS) data. The results show that factors such as household’s income, educational achievement of household’s head, household size, number of household’s members over 65 years old are the most important factors influencing out-of-pocket health expenditure. The results also indicate that the presence of elderly and children among the household’s members increases the risk of incurring catastrophic health expenditure. Moreover, the empirical results document that out-of-pocket health expenditure pushes a considerable portion of Sudanese households into poverty. Finally, the paper ends with some recommendations that aim to assist policymakers in designing an appropriate health financing strategy to protect households against the risk of out-of-pocket health expenditure and to reduce its impoverishment impact.

中文翻译：

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苏丹家庭自费医疗支出的决定因素和影响：城市和农村人口的证据

摘要本文研究了苏丹家庭自费医疗支出和灾难性医疗支出的决定因素。它还调查了自付费用的医疗支出对家庭贫困发生率的影响。该研究使用了2009年的全国基线家庭调查（NBHS）数据。结果表明，家庭收入，家庭户主的受教育程度，家庭规模，65岁以上家庭成员人数等因素是影响自付费用的最重要因素。结果还表明，家庭成员中老人和儿童的存在增加了发生灾难性健康支出的风险。此外，实证结果表明，自付费用的卫生支出使相当一部分苏丹家庭陷入贫困。最后，本文最后提出了一些建议，旨在帮助决策者设计适当的卫生筹资战略，以保护家庭免受自付费用的卫生支出的风险并减少其对贫困的影响。