Abstract: Since 2015, Turkey gradually has been moving toward a more nationalist discourse and direction in its foreign policy. This sharply contrasts with the liberal foreign policy orientation that Turkey implemented during the first decade of the Justice and Development Party government, as well as its idealistic assertiveness during the Arab Spring. In the Syrian conflict, Turkey has turned away from its initial goal of helping the anti-Assad opposition to a strategy that aims to restrain the territorial gains of separatist Kurdish groups. This transformation of strategic orientation is a product of emerging security threats, as well as changes in domestic politics including Turkey’s new presidential system. Rather than representing a return to rationality and realpolitik, the new orientation rests upon the traditional fears of disintegration and the culture of insecurity that the AKP governments had attempted to overcome. The Kurdish question has returned to its traditional position as the primary foreign policy challenge, and in reversing its original reformist agenda the AK government has embraced a military response to cope with this challenge, as demonstrated through numerous military land operations it has conducted in Syria. This new orientation has caused major frictions in relations with the United States and Europe, whereas it has led to a strategic rapprochement with Russia.

中文翻译：

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土耳其对叙利亚外交政策的转变：证券化的回归

摘要：自2015年以来，土耳其在外交政策方面逐渐朝着更具民族主义的论述和方向发展。这与土耳其在正义与发展党政府成立的头十年实施的宽松的外交政策取向以及在阿拉伯之春期间的理想主义自信形成鲜明对比。在叙利亚冲突中，土耳其放弃了帮助反阿萨德反对派的最初目标，而转向了旨在限制分离主义库尔德集团的领土收益的战略。这种战略方向的转变是新兴安全威胁以及包括土耳其新总统制在内的国内政治变化的产物。与其代表理性和现实政治的回归，新的方向在于传统的对瓦解的恐惧和AKP政府试图克服的不安全文化。库尔德问题已回到其作为主要外交政策挑战的传统位置，并且在扭转其最初的改良主义议程时，AK政府接受了军事应对以应对这一挑战，这一点已通过在叙利亚进行的多次军事陆地行动得到证明。这种新的取向在与美国和欧洲的关系中引起了重大摩擦，而却导致了与俄罗斯的战略和睦。AK政府在扭转其最初的改良主义议程时采取了军事应对措施来应对这一挑战，正如叙利亚在叙利亚进行的多次军事陆地行动所证明的那样。这种新的取向在与美国和欧洲的关系中引起了重大摩擦，而却导致了与俄罗斯的战略和睦。AK政府在扭转其最初的改良主义议程时采取了军事应对措施来应对这一挑战，正如叙利亚在叙利亚进行的多次军事陆地行动所证明的那样。这种新的取向在与美国和欧洲的关系中引起了重大摩擦，而却导致了与俄罗斯的战略和睦。