REMAINS OF AN 11th–13th-century farmstead were revealed during excavations within part of ‘The Hayworth’, an early enclosure on the ‘lost’ manor of Trubwick, (West Sussex).2Historical, landscape and toponymic evidence has been utilised to set the archaeological activity in context. It seems probable that the excavated site, and the Hayworth enclosure more broadly, relate to a specialised cattle rearing or vaccary farm. The site represents the most completely excavated vaccary complex yet known, and is the first recognisable example from the Wealden region in south-east England. The discovery has important implications for our current understanding of medieval Wealden economy and environment, as well as patterns of settlement evolution. Evidence suggests this site can be linked with the traditions of Anglo-Saxon outpasture and transhumance. This article explores the evidence from this site for the transition from a seasonal pasture to a permanent 12th-century manorial establishment held in severalty. The likely form of a vaccary complex is established and the potential for the existence of these specialised cattle ‘ranches’ and dairies is explored.

中文翻译：

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海华斯：英格兰东南部的低地空地

11 世纪至 13 世纪农庄的遗迹在“海沃斯”的一部分的挖掘过程中被发现，这是特鲁威克（西萨塞克斯郡）“失落”庄园的早期围墙。考古活动的背景。挖掘地点和更广泛的海华斯围栏似乎很可能与专门的养牛场或空仓农场有关。该遗址代表了迄今为止已知的最完整的挖掘空缺建筑群，并且是英格兰东南部 Wealden 地区第一个可识别的例子。这一发现对我们目前对中世纪韦尔登经济和环境以及聚落演变模式的理解具有重要意义。有证据表明，该遗址可能与盎格鲁-撒克逊人的野外放牧和迁徙传统有关。本文探讨了该遗址从季节性牧场过渡到 12 世纪永久庄园的证据，该庄园由数个持有。建立了可能的牛舍综合体形式，并探索了这些专门的牛“牧场”和奶牛场存在的潜力。