People are affected by different kinds of insecurity in the Ituri Province in the northeastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This article investigates donor-driven attempts to improve security governance there. More specifically, it investigates bottom-up approaches to security governance in Ituri’s capital of Bunia and in Irumu territory. Whereas in Bunia people are faced with high levels of violent crime, Irumu is the site of a violent conflict between the Ituri Patriotic Resistance Force (FRPI), an armed group connected to the Ngiti community, and the Congolese army. Involving local non-state security actors in security governance is perceived by international and national actors as a pragmatic way to improve security conditions. However, we show that these bottom-up security governance initiatives have not succeeded in resolving the issues that generate insecurity. We argue that this is because the drivers of insecurity in northeastern Congo are translocal and too complex for localised bottom-up approaches to significantly change the status quo.

中文翻译：

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竞争、赞助和碎片化：伊图里自下而上的安全治理方法的局限性

人们受到刚果民主共和国（DRC）东北部地区伊图里省各种不安全因素的影响。本文调查了捐助者驱动的改进安全治理的尝试。更具体地说，它调查了伊图里首府布尼亚和伊鲁穆领土自下而上的安全治理方法。在布尼亚，人们面临着严重的暴力犯罪，而伊鲁穆则是与 Ngiti 社区有联系的武装团体伊图里爱国抵抗军​​ (FRPI) 与刚果军队之间发生暴力冲突的地方。让地方非国家安全行为体参与安全治理被国际和国家行为体视为改善安全状况的务实方式。然而，我们表明，这些自下而上的安全治理举措未能成功解决导致不安全的问题。我们认为这是因为刚果东北部不安全的驱动因素是跨地区的，而且过于复杂，无法通过局部自下而上的方法来显着改变现状。