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Effects of aerobic physical activity to cardio-respiratory fitness of the elderly population: systematic overview
Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports Pub Date : 2020-10-30 , DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2020.0501
Nikola Aksović , Bjelica Bjelica , Marko Joksimović , Iryna Skrypchenko , Siniša Filipović , Filip Milanović , Bojan Pavlović , Bojan Ćorluka , Radomir Pržulj

Background and Study Aim. Aerobic training is effective manner of exercising aimed at improving cardio-respiratory fitness of young people. However, its effects to the elderly population (over the age of 60), depending on characteristics of the participant (gender, health status, lifestyle, etc.), is still unclear. Aim of this research is systematic overview of the available literature dealing with the topic of effects of aerobic training to cardio-respiratory fitness of the elderly population over the age of 60, depending of gender (male/female), BMI (overweight/normal weight), lifestyle (active/sedentary), health status (diabetes/hypertension/metabolic syndrome). Material and methods: Total number of papers with published research results which met the criteria was 32. Walking is effective manner of exercising which influences improvement of maximum oxygen consumption (mean value: ±SD:12.91±7.40%). Introduction of activities with greater impact (bicycle and jogging) provides more effect to the cardio-respiratory fitness (mean value: ±SD:14.28±7.48%). Results: Aerobic training intensity level (moderate vs. high) makes no significant difference to the adaptive response of the cardio-respiratory fitness in elderly population. Training in duration of 6 weeks may significantly influence increase in maximum oxygen consumption, but longer training duration, however, has better effect. Endurance training has similar effects to improvement of cardio-respiratory fitness in both men and women. On the other hand, it seems that active people have lower adaptive response in comparison to sedentary people (8.3% vs. 18.84%). Effect is similar between overweight and normal weight participants (18.48% vs. 8.6%). Positive influence of aerobic training was also observed in participants with hypertension, metabolic system and diabetes type 2. Conclusion: Results clearly suggest benefits of aerobic training on cardio-respiratory fitness of elderly population. The effect may, however, vary depending of duration, type of activity, as well as characteristics of the sample.

中文翻译:

有氧体育锻炼对老年人心肺健康的影响:系统概述

背景和研究目标。有氧训练是一种旨在提高年轻人的心肺健康度的有效锻炼方式。但是,根据参与者的特征(性别,健康状况,生活方式等),其对老年人口(60岁以上)的影响仍不清楚。这项研究的目的是系统地概述有关有氧训练对60岁以上老年人的有氧呼吸对心血管健康的影响的现有文献,具体取决于性别(男性/女性),BMI(超重/正常体重) ),生活方式(主动/中枢),健康状况(糖尿病/高血压/代谢综合征)。材料和方法:符合标准的已发表研究结果的论文总数为32。步行是一种有效的锻炼方式,会影响最大耗氧量的改善(平均值:±SD:12.91±7.40%)。引入具有更大影响力的活动(骑自行车和慢跑)对心肺适应性的影响更大(平均值:±SD:14.28±7.48%)。结果:有氧训练强度水平(中等或较高)对老年人心肺适应性的适应性反应没有显着差异。持续6周的训练可能会显着影响最大耗氧量的增加,但是较长的训练持续时间效果更好。耐力训练对改善男性和女性的心肺功能具有相似的作用。另一方面,与久坐的人相比,活跃的人似乎具有较低的适应性反应(8.3%对18.84%)。超重和正常体重参与者的效果相似(分别为18.48%和8.6%)。有氧运动训练对高血压,代谢系统和2型糖尿病患者也有积极影响。结论:结果清楚地表明,有氧运动训练对老年人心肺健康的益处。但是,效果可能会因持续时间,活性类型以及样品的特性而异。
更新日期:2020-10-30
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