Abstract The article presents the conceptual groundwork for an understanding of the essentially improvisational dimension of human rationality. It aims to clarify how we should think about important concepts pertinent to central aspects of human practices, namely, the concepts of improvisation, normativity, habit, and freedom. In order to understand the sense in which human practices are essentially improvisational, it is first necessary to criticize misconceptions about improvisation as lack of preparation and creatio ex nihilo. Second, it is necessary to solve the theoretical problems that derive from misunderstandings concerning the notions of normativity, habit, and freedom – misunderstandings that revolve around the idea that rationality is a form that is developed out of itself and thus works in a way similar to algorithms. One can only make sense of normativity, habit, and freedom if one understands that they all involve conflictual relationships with the world and with others, which in turn enables one to adequately take into account their constitutive connection to improvisation, properly understood. In outlining these conceptual connections, we want to prepare the foundations for an explanation of rational practices as improvisational practices. The article concludes by stating that human rational life is improvisatory because the conditions of human practice arise out of practice itself.

中文翻译：

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我们在前进的过程中制定规则：即兴创作是人类实践的基本方面？

摘要本文为理解人类理性的即兴表现维度提供了概念基础。它旨在阐明我们应该如何思考与人类实践的中心方面相关的重要概念，即即兴，规范，习惯和自由的概念。为了理解人类实践本质上是即兴创作的意义，首先有必要批评对即兴创作的误解，即由于缺乏准备和无创造力。其次，有必要解决源自对规范性，习惯和自由概念的误解所引起的理论问题，这些误解围绕着这样的观点，即理性是一种自身形成的形式，因此其运作方式类似于算法。如果一个人了解到它们都与世界以及与他人的冲突关系，那么人们就只能理解规范，习惯和自由，这反过来又使人能够充分考虑到他们与即兴创作，正确理解之间的联系。在概述这些概念上的联系时，我们希望为解释理性实践即兴实践奠定基础。本文最后指出，人类的理性生活是即兴的，因为人类实践的条件源于实践本身。在概述这些概念上的联系时，我们希望为解释理性实践即兴实践奠定基础。本文最后指出，人类的理性生活是即兴的，因为人类实践的条件源于实践本身。在概述这些概念上的联系时，我们希望为解释理性实践即兴实践奠定基础。本文最后指出，人类的理性生活是即兴的，因为人类实践的条件源于实践本身。