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Using AI Methods to Evaluate a Minimal Model for Perception
Open Philosophy Pub Date : 2019-11-04 , DOI: 10.1515/opphil-2019-0034
Robert Prentner 1 , Chris Fields 2
Affiliation  

Abstract The relationship between philosophy and research on artificial intelligence (AI) has been difficult since its beginning, with mutual misunderstanding and sometimes even hostility. By contrast, we show how an approach informed by both philosophy and AI can be productive. After reviewing some popular frameworks for computation and learning, we apply the AI methodology of “build it and see” to tackle the philosophical and psychological problem of characterizing perception as distinct from sensation. Our model comprises a network of very simple, but interacting agents which have binary experiences of the “yes/no”-type and communicate their experiences with each other. When does such a network refer to a single agent instead of a distributed network of entities? We apply machine learning techniques to address the following related questions: i) how can the model explain stability of compound entities, and ii) how could the model implement a single task such as perceptual inference? We thereby find consistency with previous work on “interface” strategies from perception research. While this reflects some necessary conditions for the ascription of agency, we suggest that it is not sufficient. Here, AI research, if it is intended to contribute to conceptual understanding, would benefit from issues previously raised by philosophy. We thus conclude the article with a discussion of action-selection, the role of embodiment, and consciousness to make this more explicit. We conjecture that a combination of AI research and philosophy allows general principles of mind and being to emerge from a “quasi-empirical” investigation.

中文翻译:

使用AI方法评估感知的最小模型

摘要哲学与人工智能研究之间的关系自成立以来一直很困难,存在相互误解甚至有时是敌对的情况。相比之下,我们展示了以哲学和人工智能为基础的方法是如何富有成效的。在回顾了一些流行的用于计算和学习的框架之后,我们应用了“构建并看到”的AI方法来解决将感知与感知区别开来的哲学和心理问题。我们的模型包括一个非常简单但相互影响的代理网络,这些代理具有“是/否”类型的二进制经验,并且彼此交流经验。这样的网络何时引用单个代理而不是实体的分布式网络?我们应用机器学习技术来解决以下相关问题:i)该模型如何解释复合实体的稳定性,并且ii)该模型如何实现诸如感知推理之类的单个任务?因此,我们发现与感知研究中有关“接口”策略的先前工作保持一致。尽管这反映了代理分配的一些必要条件,但我们认为这还不够。在这里,如果人工智能研究旨在促进概念理解,那么它将受益于先前由哲学提出的问题。因此,我们在本文的结尾处讨论了动作选择,实施方式的作用以及使之更加明确的意识。我们推测,人工智能研究和哲学的结合可以使一般的思维原理和存在感从“准经验”研究中浮现出来。ii)模型如何实现诸如感知推理之类的单一任务?因此,我们发现与感知研究中有关“接口”策略的先前工作保持一致。尽管这反映了代理分配的一些必要条件,但我们认为这还不够。在这里,如果人工智能研究旨在促进概念理解,那么它将受益于先前由哲学提出的问题。因此,我们在本文的结尾处讨论了动作选择,实施方式的作用以及使之更加明确的意识。我们推测,人工智能研究和哲学的结合可以使一般的思维原理和存在感从“准经验”研究中浮现出来。ii)模型如何实现诸如感知推理之类的单一任务?因此,我们发现与感知研究中有关“接口”策略的先前工作保持一致。尽管这反映了代理分配的一些必要条件,但我们认为这还不够。在这里,如果人工智能研究旨在促进概念理解,那么它将受益于先前由哲学提出的问题。因此,我们在本文的结尾处讨论了动作选择,实施方式的作用以及使之更加明确的意识。我们推测,人工智能研究和哲学的结合可以使一般的思维原理和存在感从“准经验”研究中浮现出来。
更新日期:2019-11-04
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