In this editorial, we continue our conversation with readers about the value of map and geography libraries with a focus on the past and likely future trends that have and will continue to define our profession. In doing so, we identified three paradigm shifts that have occurred in map and spatial information librarianship over the last 25 years. Each shift was precipitated by a desire to stay relevant in the areas of collecting, providing access to, and using spatial information in a changing world. The third paradigm shift described below is ongoing as academic libraries in general and map and geography libraries specifically continue to evolve. As is typical of transitions of many kinds, variation in how the third paradigm shift is being perceived and applied at different institutions is substantial; meaning that there is an opportunity for us to share with one another what we are doing, what is working, and, perhaps more importantly, what is not working. The formal and informal conversations that ensue will help to shape the future of our profession. The Oxford English Dictionary defines paradigm as: “A conceptual or methodological model underlying the theories and practices of a science or discipline at a particular time; (hence) a generally accepted world view.” If we look back, we can see that during the past 25 years we can mark three major paradigm shifts in map librarianship. The first shift coincided with the arrival of decennial United States census data on CD-ROM, and a digital revolution in map libraries followed. The distribution of census data in a machine-readable format meant that libraries needed to have the machines to read the information. Libraries responded by installing public access computers in their spaces, a signal that how we accessed and used geographic information had changed forever. The next shift came with the introduction of another new format—digitized images of print

中文翻译：

---

迈向地图和空间信息图书馆学的新范式

在这篇社论中，我们将继续与读者就地图和地理图书馆的价值进行对话，重点是过去的和可能的未来趋势，这些趋势已经并将继续定义我们的职业。通过这样做，我们确定了过去25年中在地图和空间信息图书馆学中发生的三种范式转变。希望在变化的世界中保持收集，提供访问和使用空间信息等领域的相关性，从而推动了每个转变。随着一般的学术图书馆，特别是地图和地理图书馆的不断发展，下面描述的第三种范式转换正在进行中。正如许多类型转换的典型代表一样，在不同的机构上如何感知和应用第三种范式转换的方式是巨大的。意味着我们有机会彼此分享我们在做的事情，正在做的事情，以及也许更重要的是在做不到的事情。随后进行的正式和非正式对话将有助于塑造我们行业的未来。牛津英语词典将范式定义为：“在特定时间支撑科学或学科的理论和实践的概念或方法模型；（因此）一种普遍接受的世界观。” 如果回头看，我们可以看到在过去的25年中，我们可以标记出地图图书馆学的三个主要范式转变。第一个转变与十年一次的美国人口普查数据以CD-ROM形式出现有关，随后是地图图书馆的数字革命。以机器可读格式分发人口普查数据意味着图书馆需要配备机器来读取信息。图书馆的回应是在他们的空间中安装了公共访问计算机，这表明我们访问和使用地理信息的方式已经永远改变。下一个转变是引入了另一种新格式-数字化印刷图像