Learning the grammatical features of a second/foreign language is by no means a simple process. It is inevitably affected by many different factors ranging from contextual factors, like explicit / implicit learning contexts, to learner’s cognitive diversities and personal preferences. Furthermore, there has been a long-held controversy between those who look into L1 for the possible sources of difficulty in L2 development, and those who shift to the target language to unveil the reasons why L2 learning process is susceptible to erroneous fluctuations. In this direction, Markedness Hypothesis was first introduced by Trubetzkoy (1931) in conjunction with phonological issues. The hypothesis was later expanded and generalized to other fields in linguistic studies including semantics and syntax, and especially second language ABSTRACT

中文翻译：

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标记假说：英语和宾语交替的研究

学习第二种/外语的语法特征绝不是一个简单的过程。它不可避免地受到许多不同因素的影响，这些因素从情境因素（例如显性/内隐学习情境）到学习者的认知多样性和个人偏好，不等。此外，在寻找L1来寻找L2开发中可能的困难根源的人与转向目标语言以揭示L2学习过程容易受到错误波动的原因之间存在长期的争论。在这个方向上，标记假说首先由Trubetzkoy（1931）结合语音问题提出。该假说后来被扩展并推广到语言学的其他领域，包括语义和句法，尤其是第二语言。